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THE ISSUE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY A MUST TO NIGERIAN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

THE ISSUE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY A MUST TO NIGERIAN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION (A CASE STUDY OF GUINNESS NIGERIA PLC)

 

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ABSTRACT

The concept of corporate social responsibility has generated a lot of controversy our the tears. While some of business was business alone some strongly believe that business should become more involve with public interest.

This study is thus an attempt to have an insight into the extent of which endless Nigeria PLC has been socially responsible to the needs of the different interest groups in the communities in which it operates.

TABLE OF CONTENT

  1. COVER PAGE
  2. TITLE PAGE

iii.      APPROVAL PAGE

  1. DEDICATION
  2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  3. TABLE OF CONTENT

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • BACKGRPOUND OF STUDY
  • STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
  • PURPOSE OF STUDY
  • THE SCOPE OF STUDY
  • RESEARCH QUESTIONS
  • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
  • LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
  • DEFINITION OF TERMS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER TWO:       

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

  • THE ISSUE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
  • THE EXTENT OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN NIGERIA
  • THE CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CONTROVERSY
  • THE POWER-RESPONSIBILITY EQUATION
  • BUSINESS HARZARD ON ENVIRONMENT
  • ETHIES AND MORLIY IN RELATIVE TO SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
  • EFFECT OF FAILURE TO BE SOCIALLY RESPONSIBILITY
  • PRESSURE GROPS AFFECTING THE CORPORATION

REFERENCES

 

CHAPTER THREE:   

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

  • RESEARCH DESIGN
  • AREA OF THE STUDY
  • POPULATION OF THE STUDY
  • SAMPLE AND SAMPLING PROCEDURE
  • INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION
  • VALIDATION OF THE INSTRUMENT
  • RELIABILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT
  • METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

REFERENCES

 

CHAPTER FOUR:      

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

  • PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
  • SUMMARY OF RESULTS

 

CHAPTER FIVE:       

DISCUSSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS.

  • DISCUSION OF RESULT/FINDINGS
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • IMPLICATIONS OF THE RESEARCH FINDINGS
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • SUGGESTIONS OF FURTHER RESEARCH

REFERENCES

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The concept of business social responsibility has continued to evolve and expand. Today, the efficient use of resources to make profit is still seen as the primary social responsibility of business.

The idea of operate social responsibility began in the early part of the twentieth century.

Interestingly enough, it came from business executives who believed that corporations has an obligations to use their resources in ways that would benefits the entire society.

Although, the role of business firms is that producing goods and services for a profit, social expectations of business have increased dramatically since the 1960, so that is a need for social response in order to narrow the gap between expectations and response and keep business in turn with society, while an organization is busy establishing its goals, objectives developing and executing strategies for achieving its stated purpose, it should recognize that it operates within an environment which expects it to operates in such a manner that would not disrupt its very essence.

Furthermore, there is little doubt that business must involve itself in social issue broader than producing goods and services not only because it is the best thing to do but because it is in the best interest of business. In view of these, this study narrow down to Guinness Nigeria PLC which can approximately be described as one of the most prominent and well known company in the brewery industry with branches within and outside the country. The company is the year 2002 celebrated her 50th years of corporate existence in Nigeria and the demand for its product, no doubt has continue to grow and it was indeed remain consisting high all through years.

This brewery company majors in the production of small and big Guinness stout beer, harp, Gulder, spark, Malta Guinness and Satzen Brau.

Guniess Nigeria PLC operates in various parts of the country until the early seventies precisely (1974) when a plant was established at Ikpoba slope in Benin city. Till this day, the company has continue to grow and it remains one of the most dominant and prominent company in the brewery industry.

FAMILY PLANNING

FAMILY PLANNING

 

 

ABSTRACT

In the olden days, it was a well-known facts, that a rich and wealth man is known by the number of children and yam barns he had. (Greater in number) but recently, the reverse is the case, in that a rich and wealth man is known as a man with lesser number of children who he takes greater care of.

 

The mass media had played a contributory role recently to educate parents in particular and the public in general of family planning programmes. This work however, is on how the mass medial family planning programmes have reached the target audience the moreover, how they feel about it.

 

The research work has gone to prove that the family planning programmes as show on the screen or listed to by the audience had in one way or the other changed the attitude of some families positively towards child spacing.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE                                                                                   II

ABSTRACT                                                                          III

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION                                                                1

  • Background

1.2       Brief history of family planning

1.3       Statement of problem

  • Purpose of the study
  • Significance of the study
  • Scope of the study
  • Research questions

1.8A    Hypothesis

1.8B    Assumption

1.9       Definition of terms

  • Operational and theoretical framework

CHAPTER TWO

SOURCES

  • Rules of the media and programme strategies
  • Summary of literature review

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

  • Research design
  • Research sample
  • Measuring instrument
  • Data collection

CHAPTER FOUR

  • Analyses and resume
  • Hypotheses test
  • Results
  • Discussion

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION FOR FURTURE STUDY

  • Summary
  • Recommendation for future study

BILIOGRAPHY                                                                               42

APPENDIX

QUESTIONNAIRE

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • BACKGROUND

Family planning as a concept of world social order is as old as man.

It could be said to be a means of population control other then by disease, war, or other natural and man made disasters.

The term “family panning” was only applied to this ageless phenomenon when the social effects of abandoned babies, clue to illegal abortion and problem of outsize poor families began to seriously bother the mind of sociologists, health workers and governments.

Family planning has received media coverage around the world since it’s inception in 1916. Initially people reacted against it, due to misconception and ignorance of aim and values of family planning, but as the issue develop, it clear the people’s eyes and their perception more enlightened.

Internationally, the United Nation (UN) through an agency, the world health organization (WHO) has championed the publicity campaign for the introduction and the development modification and sometimes outright discontinuation of some aspect to the family planning qualified media coverage and manifested the importance of population in planning for world demographic and Economics distribution.

 

  • BRIEF HISTORY OF FAMILY PLANNING

The origin of family planning can bee traced to the concern shown by two sisters Margaret sanger (1966-1976) married and her sister Ethel, on the tremendous loss of lives usually involving schools gulls and woman during childbirth.

Sanger who was trained as a nurse carried out a very courageous crusade against the legal system in the united state of American in the early part of the country to get abortion legalized. She was known to have developed the phrase “Birth control” to and have set up clinics in 1916.

Another, woman, Marie Stapes, followed Margaret’s steps seven years later by setting up a “Birth control” clinics in London in 1923. It was not until 1952, that family planning made it’s first imprint on the international scene in the year, an international conference of family planning was held in Bombry on November 29th, This was the birth of the international planning parenthood federation (IPDF) under the joint chairmanship of Margaret Sanger and Lady Ranca Rau.

 

Meanwhile, the acceptance of family planning as a practice has show at the first time.

Sweden, because of the first world action of family planning came in twenty-four years after the birth “IPPE” in 1976 and sixty years alter Sanger opened the first “Birth control clinic”. It was funds to the united nation funds for population activities (UNFPA).

During the long period of uncertainty in the development and acceptance of family planning the phenomenon was widely regarded believed to be a public health exercise designed to improve the health of the mother and child in the family, it was only later when scientist (social and physical) began to take more interest in the issue that it began to be strictly associated with an aim at population control, in conjunction with the General improvement of family health and consequently national and world health.

 

The development of the world and national economic also depend very much on the planning the uses population in his famous essay on the principles of population 1798. He said that population was increasing faster than the rate of which food was being produces.

He postulated that the world economics order was developing in arithmetical progression. 1,2,3, while population was increasing in geometrical progression 2,4, and 6.This assertion corroborated with the world population growth rate project as show in charts AP.

 

Today, family planning is a worldwide activity, implemented and financed by the PPFN.

In Nigerian, the planed parent-hood federation of Nigerian (PPFN) formerly known as the family planning council of Nigerian (FPCN) was established in 1960 as a reaction and social welfare profess to the prevailing social and health relate problems of the time. These problems include child dumping unwanted pregnancies leading to illegally induced abortions and morality (death) resulting from too closely spaced pregnancies.

The proposal to establish the family planning council of Nigerian was considered after the occurrence to two tragic cases septic abortion of 1957. These cases attracted the attention of the marriage guidance council in Lagos to existing family planning problems.

As a result this, a committee was set up to investigate the need for family planning services in the country. The reports of this committee revealed that it was a common practice among married and unmarried woman with unwanted pregnancies to commit illegal abortion. Family planning services was therefore needed to stop or reduce it (abortion).

In 1962 Miss. Edith Gate of the pathfinder find visited Nigerian and met with the members of the National council of woman societies (NCNS). This led to the setting up of a family planning committee with the responsibilities for family planning activities and marriage counseling.

 

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THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

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THE IMPACT OF NEWS COMMUNICATION

THE IMPACT OF NEWS COMMUNICATION

 

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Account Name: 3059320631

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Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
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Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

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ABSTRACT

        The thrust of the study fringed on the impact of News commercialization on mass media image inorder to achieve the goal, the researchers sub divided the work into file chapters in chapter – one the work dwelt on the background of the study, proposed some research problems objectives, significance and hypothesis, the next chapter touched on relever literature in the study while the third chapter examines the methodology the survey research method using the questionnaire was employed the simple percentage and frequency table were used to analyse the date and illustrate the results in chapter four. Four research questions were designed and four hypothesis formulated the four hypothesis received statistical support and upheld.

The research through made serious effort to make the worker comprehensive but cannot claim absolute confidence in the work. The research in chapter five summed up the study and made recommendations for further study.

The negative impact of this policy on mass media image is devastating and the research wants after forms of revenue to be beefed up and the policy stream lined to avoid conflict.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Abstract

Table of contents

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Statement of the research problem

Objective of the study

Significance of the study

Research questions

Research hypothesis

Limitations of the study

Assumptions

Conceptual and operational definition

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Sources of literature

The review

Review of literature review

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY

Research method

Research design

Research sample

Measuring instrument

Data collection

Data analysis

Expected results

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

Data analysis

Results

Discussion

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY

Summary study

Recommendations for further study

References

Appendixes (Questionnaire)

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

        Nothing is as contentious

Nothing is of utmost joy

Nothing is as rapturously delightful as an event whose time has come victor Hugor.

There are basically four avenues open for the mass media to raise funds for their operations. They are through government subvention advertising, sales of media revenue and denation. Today people donate funds for the man media operation the sale of media license is also a thing of the past while government subvention is on the decline this reviling.

Advertising is now the only source of revenue for the mass media. The introduction of structural adjustment programme SAP in 1986 by Ibrahim Babangida mitating administration seriously affected the lever of financing of the mass media industry as well the standard of living in Nigeria confirming a former Director of programmes Nigeria Television Authority Victoria Ezeokoli says:

NTA’s problems is not one of creating

Entertainment programmes. It is the big financial squeeze. It is the lack of facilities to produce high quality programmes to meet the very meticulous taste of Nigerians.

Since revenue derivable from Advertising alone was insufficient to run the media, the Hamza Zayyad’s technical committee on privatization and commercialization (TCPC) was set up to find out ways to sustain the mass media.

The committee recommended various ways to raise funds to pay salaries procure state of the art equipment and services some of the manageable outdate ones. One of the harsh measures were the deregulation of the Broadcast media and news commercialization the led to mass retrenchment of staff in government owned mass media outfits, commercial owned mass media outfits, commercial advertisement spot announcements, programme sponsorship and the notorious “let them pay” (LTD) charges to raise and increase revenue for the mass media. This policy made news a commodity to be paid for before they are disseminated to the audience through the concept of news as a commodity for sale started in 1811 when Samuel Gilbert started collecting news in his coffee bar/shop. His assistance Samuel Topliff took over the business of collecting news from Gilbert . he puts the news together and collect a fee before you read the news. Almost simultaneously Charleys Hauas began to sell news as a commodity in 1825. Bernald Wollf in 1848 also sold news in France as a commodity representing wolf Agency in 1851 Paulius Julius Reuter began to sell news as a commodity as an agent of Reuter News Agency But apart from the daily times news the world over are selected only for their traditional news values.

 

 

 

THE EFFECT OF BILLBOARD ADVERTISING IN PRODUCT PROMOTION

 A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU METROPOLIS

 

ABSTRACT

          The aim of this research work is to find out the effects of Billboard Advertising on product promotion in Enugu Metropolis. To do this, we used survey research method to elicit the desired information from the sample produce.  In this work we started the research problem, set the objective and significance of the study, communicated the research questionnaire, reviewed some relevant literature, defined some terms, and hypothesis in the work, the whole of the give-tested hypotheses was empirically supported.

From on finding, we concluded that:

  1. Billboard create awareness of product existence, more especially on newly introduced goods, and increase the sales.
  2. Billboard advertising is more likely to convey the advertising messages to the target audience  than other forms of advertising.
  3. Billboard advertising, appeal more to advertisement than other forms of advertising, and position goods and services quicker in people’s mind than any other media.
  4. Billboard generally influences consumers decision.
  5. Billboard advertising do complement other means of advertising, thereby carrying the same message on product and services with radio, TV and other media.

After analysis our findings and drawing our conclusion, we made some recommendations.

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction                                                                   1

1.1            Background of the study                                               1

1.2            Statement of research problem                                      7

1.3            Objective of the study                                          8

1.4            Research questions                                               8

1.5            Significance of the study                                                9

1.6            Hypothesis                                                                    9

1.7            Definition of terms                                               11

1.8            Assumptions                                                        12

1.9            Limitation of the study                                         12

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review                                                            15

2.1            Introduction                                                         15

2.2            Source of literature                                               15

2.3            Contemporary mass media theories related to

effects of billboard advertising                                       16

2.4            Historical development of advertising                           18

2.5            Billboard messages                                              23

2.6            Society’s uses and attitude to advertising            27

2.7            The advertising media                                          28

2.8            Media selection                                                    29

2.9            Summary                                                             31

2.10       Reference                                                              33

CHAPTER THREE

Research methodology                                                   34

3.1            Population of study                                             35

3.2            Sampling procedure                                             35

3.3            Sample size                                                                    36

3.4            Measuring instrument                                          36

3.5            Data collection                                                     36

3.6            Data analysis                                                       37

3.7            Expected results                                                   37

CHAPTER FOUR

Data analysis and results                                                        39

4.1            Introduction of data analysis                               39

4.2            Analysis of hypothesis                                         41

4.3            Discussion                                                            48

CHAPTER FIVE

Summary of finding recommendation and conclusion

5.1            Summary and Recommendation                          50

5.2            Recommendation                                                 52

Bibliography                                                        54

Appendix                                                             58

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1            BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Advertising has grown increasingly popular as an object of academic inquiry, a field of professional practice and an index of modern business it has come to assume the centre of modern marketing and it is one of the major forms of promotion in product and service marketing. Billboard advertising has assumed a wider and prominent position in product promotion in recent times in Nigeria. Despite electronic media, billboard advertising got product promotion on the increase.

This new discovery in product promotion has not only given liwse to advertising agencies, that specialized only in billboard advertising, and also a strong association of billboard advertising in Nigeria which is recognized by advertisers as a subsidiary of the advertising practitioner. Council of Nigeria APCON. But as bas been articulated by Adeyein (1969), the constitutional provision on freedom of expression can be said to amount only to an ordered freedom of which can not be used as a license to spread communication that debased public morality. However, many of these ethical principles have in the course of time grown to become statutory regulation condified laws. Decree 55 of 1988 among other provision provides that APCON show regular and control the practice of advertising in all its aspects and ramifications. It is in excise of this immense and wide power conferred on it, that APCON developed a code of ethic to guide and regulates the practice of advertising in Nigeria.

The evidence increase in billboard advertising under sources the effectiveness of billboard in project promotion. Billboard ensure frequent and repeated exposure to the advertisement billboard are usually rotated at points with higher vehicular and human traffic.

Consequently, users of such points are regularly exposed to the advertisement in the board. Secondly, billboard, also offer a high degree of vocational flexibility. In other words, the boards can be placed where the advertisers actually intended then to be. In addition, they tend it have lower cost per thousand than most of the other media. They are usually more cost efficient, especially for the advertisers with a small budget. Billboard offers the advantages of very good colour reproduction and at the sometime it is an effective reminder medium offer servicing as a catalyst for buyers who buy in impulse. The greatest problems encountered by advertisers and their agencies with regard to billboard is site monitoring is usually defiant and so when posters get torn or washed out, of takes a while to discover and repost. This is because the site are usually scattered around very far geographic locations.

The posters used on the boards are usually tedious to print and post especially when the number of sites to be covered are too many. In other words, boards make intense creative demands on the agency. Because they are usually seen in a fleeting second, they have to be powerfully executed so as to intrude on the passers – by’s consciousness. In this case they tend to function better as reminder media and there cannot serve well as the print ary and sole medium for an advertising campaign. Aside its cost efficient contributes to environmental aesthetic and enduing feature of lands cape of towns, in the country. Although the voice of the street vendor in Nigeria grows fainter with each passing year, it is still possible to her the mournful call and thinking bell for the old clothes and junk man, the call of the intinerant fruit peddler with his pushcart, or the street come vendors of hot chestnuts. And what will a football game be without the kids hwking peanut and soft drinks? Much the same calls in a different language, echoed in the streets.

Again if you will glance town the length of the street in Enugu metropolis, you will notice that the storekeeper around the town have taken some pains to make sure they are not unobserved just as the market keeper did in Ogbete main market so you can see that broadcast advertising (billboard) have all been around for a long time. But is wasn’t until the middle ages, with the world shaking advert of the printing press and moveable type, that advertising began to take the firm  most familiar to as today.

Winstan fletche (1979), identifies the following determinant of the strength of a billboard advertising, such as, the number of posters put in any given area the size of the poster, the specific sitting of the poster and the length of the campaign. Because of the problem of the more boards in a given area, he greater the problem of dotter, many authorities regulate the sitting of boards as to prevent their indiscriminate location poster come in standard sizes referred to as sheets, the dimensions of a single sheet are usually expressed in inches for easy handling and processing. A single limit of sheet is usually 20 inches wide by 30 inches deep. The most commonly available poster format are 16 – sheets, 32 sheets and 48 sheets.

In addition, there is the painted board or bulletin boards, which are hand painted (in stead of printed posters) and typical sizes are 14 feet by 48 feet posters sited at busy locations or junctions with high human and vehicular traffics are often more effective than those at less endorsed locations. Furthermore, the longer the duration of a campaign the more impact it tend to have.

Outdoor advertising has become a major advertising firms in Enugu metropolis and an indispensable source of revenue for Enugu state government while advertisers buys space in newspaper and magazines, for outdoor he went sites. In Enugu metropolis, renting a site centres on an advertiser the right of having his poster displayed on the site. To do this, advertise or his agency will retain an outdoor advertising company. The advertising companies will have to usually built and acquire a particular site it wants or chooses from the one’s the billboard company supplies. It pays the outdoor agency for the production of the poster as well as rental fee for the sites. Its media and client service monitor the posting, to ensure that all the sites are constantly and clearly posted throughout the duration of the campaign.

For all the media enumerated, management of the advertising operation is very delicate task, since in most cases, advertising represents a significance source of corporate profitability. For billboard companies particularly, the key task will entail keeping a Table of content on advertising agencies and salutation so that they can use the billboard firm for their campaign. Other task include monitoring of sites to ensure that poster are in good order and property posted, invoicing agencies for sites created and posted, ensuring prompt payments, and prompt payment of rental charges to the state government via local authority in executive this research, the research will try to identify why billboard advertising seems to be more popular than other means of advertising in terms of product promotion in Enugu metropolis. Also this study will try to find out the acceptability of billboard advertising in the society. Among other things, this study also hopes to establish the contribution of billboards to product promotion and consumption.

 

1.2            STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEMS

There as been an appreciable growth in product and services promotion activities by marketers in Nigeria, especially through advertising. Recently, below, the line advertising especially billboard has gained tremendous popularity. Going hand the major loads and street in Enugu metropolis particularly strategic location will reveal the degree of usage and number of colourful billboard of various sizes carrying advertisement promotion products of various manufactures.

They are located in strategic traffic points. Also rural areas are not spread of this billboard gavone why his sudden increase in the use of billboard? Could it be that billboard has acquired new potency for product promotion? This and many were ignited the researcher, to look into the effect of billboard in product promotion with specially emphasis on Enugu metropolis as a case study.

 

1.3            OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

This study has among other objective the followings:

  1. To find out it billboard advertising is increasing in Enugu metropolis.
  2. To determine the effectiveness of billboard advertising in product promotion.
  3. To determine why it appeals to prospect product consumers.
  4. To find out whether it carried or reinforces the same message a other medium in the same product.
  5. To find out the contribution to environmental beauty or otherwise.

 

1.4            RESEARCH QUESTIONS

For this study, the following questions are raised.

  1. Is billboard advertising on the increase in Enugu metropolis.
  2. Do Nigerian advertisers patronize billboard advertising?
  3. Do billboard advertising influence consumers in Enugu metropolis
  4. Does billboard advertisement message reinforce electronic and print media message?
  5. Does billboard advertising contribute to environmental beauty?

 

1.5            SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study brings to our knowledge the degree of influence other product promotion activities and advertising exerts on billboard advertising.

The study will also serve as a guide to manufactures and advertisers in their day to day management of product promotion via the billboard advertising on the other hand, this study will serve as literature /good feasibity study for prospective investors in billboard advertising sub-sectors.

 

1.6            HYPOTHESES

 

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AUDIENCE PERCEPTION OF COMMERCIAL TELECAST DURING NTA NETWORK NEWS PROGRAMME

(A CASE STUDY OF ONITSHA METROPOLIS)

 

 

ABSTRACT

Advertising is known as the process of making things known to people and it is considered as non-personal communication of information usually through most persuasive media of Radio, Television. Advertising Sports are broadcast during regular programmes at moments specified by the advertiser or left to the broadcast.

Therefore, advertising agencies serve to carryout complete research into consumers behaviour and demographic analysis of the market area.

Having realized the importance of commercials in human existence, this study acquaints you with the reasons breaks during News programmes in NTA had to be allowed to the detriment of News substance and its presentation.

It will further survey the motive of advertisers in buying a fixed time during such an important programme of the NTA and the audience perception of it, whether favourable or not, having been argued that advertisers exercise and undue influence over the regular contents of the media they employ.

In terms of the subject of a television show or programme.

 

LIST OF TABLE

 

  • Table 1 – The respondents watch News at 9.00 p.m.
  • Table II – The majority of the respondents watch the network News often
  • Table III – The number of times the respondents watch the NTA News in a week
  • Table IV – The majority of the respondents do not watch commercial telecast during the News.
  • Table V – Majority of the respondents don’t like to watch commercial telecast during the network News programme.
  • Table VI – Majority of the respondents walk away during commercial break.
  • Table VII – The feelings of the respondents on commercial telecast during NTA Network News programme.
  • Table VIII – The commercial telecast during NTA Network News programme are not in order.
  • Table IX – NTA Network service should not show commercial during the network News at 9.00 p.m.
  • Table X – The age of the respondents.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

  • INTRODUCTION
  • STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
  • OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
  • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
  • RESEARCH QUESTIONS
  • RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
  • DEFINITION OF TERMS
  • ASSUMPTIONS
  • LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

 

CHAPTER TWO

  • SOURCES OF REVIEW
  • THE SUMMARY

 

CHAPTER THREE

  • RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
  • RESEARCH DESIGN
    • POPULATION
  • RESEARCH SAMPLE
    • RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
  • DATA COLLECTION
  • METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS

 

CHAPTER FOUR

  • PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
  • DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
  • RESULTS
  • DISCUSSION

 

CHAPTER FIVE

  • SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • CONCLUSION
  • RECOMMENDATION

REFERENCES

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDIX (QUESTIONNAIRE)

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Without any shred of doubt, I will say that is very important and wise to set a good example and produce good things than set or produce bad one.

Thus it is very vital t note that one important function in business to thrive and succeed is getting and keeping customers.  This extends in making the business to be aware that it should not base itself merely as a producer of goods and service, but also as a buyer of customers and as a dear of those key ad important things which makes people want to involve interact and deal with it.  In this kind of free enterprise economy such as Nigeria where business and commerce are run or conducted with less involvement or minimum of government involvement, inference or intervention anybody who have the means or resources, be it small scale business or a big capitalist can set up business.  This is as a result of many product and services organization of various kinds.

In other words I will say that market is customers and the process of winning and retaining them is quite noted to pass through stiff measure in order to retain and keep their customers form competitors.  You will agree with me that without customer’s patronage, a business will likely collapse.  For patronage to be maintained and ensured advertising is massively and extensively used or put in place by advertisers or business organizations.  At this we must look at the key work advertising, which plays a key and vital role in television commercial.  For the fact that advertising play a key role in making people be aware of things (products), this directs us towards the view of Boye E/Aress of et al 1929 “which says advertising is the non-personal communication of information usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about product and services.  In broadcasting, advertisement can really play a great role inherent in programme transmission.  This also goes to let us know that advertisement has come a long way, that its origin can be traced to the struggle of men to have means of livelihood.

In order to endure and survive, revenue from advertisement which comes from the sale of time and programmes has become the broadcast industry in Nigeria.

Advertising is defined by the American Marketing Association (AMA, 1976:63)) as a controlled, identifiable information and persuasion by means of mass communication media.  One of the effective and efficient mass media is television.  Television carries advertising messages or commercials.  Most of the television commercials are testimonials whereby a celebrity of expert is used to tell story, the analogy and predicament.

The television transmits news and it also carried commercials.  The network news programme at 9.00 p.m. daily has always been a strictly news programme, but until recently when the nation witnessed an innovation, the NTA stateion started inserting commercials in the network news programmes at 9.00 p.m.

It is for this cause that advertisers who buy television generally scale to have their commercial messages appear in programme that reach the largest audience at a particular time through a channel.

And it is only by the purchase of a network time would and advertiser hope to reach a very large audience who are exposed to an advertiser’s message.

Advertisers therefore are interested in knowing the demographic information (such as age, sex, and education) and psychological information as attitude, beliefs and opinion of the audience in order to improve the effectiveness of an advertisement message.

The media to this effect sponsor research to find out from time to time who is attending to the message of their client.  The advertisers and media buyers on their side made absolute use of time to bring their varied products and services to the awareness of television – with the aim of reading the greatest number of their targeted audience.

Network television advertising, for example can reach all the parts of the country, hence NTA stations are situated in almost every state of the federation.

Therefore, advertisers exploit this medium to their different customers and prospective customers’ names and products and services to the constant awareness of the people.

Network television advertising, for example can reach all the parts of the country, thus for the fact that NTA stations are virtually in almost all part of the country.  It has really helped in bringing to the knowledge of the people or the customers latest information and awareness of products and services to the people or audience.

In other words the audience perception of commercial telecast during NTA news programmes is the researchers point of study.

 

1.2  STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

This research study is focused on television commercials.  The increasing abundance of advertising messages telecast during Nigeria Television Authority (NTA) Network News programme is a thing of much concern to the researcher.

This study therefore, maintains that undue advantage is being taken of the network news as an endless way of commercials beamed with the network news.

 

1.3  OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The ultimate objective of this study is to…

 

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THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
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Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

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