MAN-POWER TRAINING AS AN AID TO MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESS ENTERPRISES

(A CASE STUDY OF EMENITE NIGERIA LIMITED ENUGU)

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ABSTRACT

 

The purpose of this research work is to evaluate how manpower training programme contribute in aiding management in achieving the organizational objectives or goals.

It is equally believed that recommendations of this research work will be useful to most business organizations especially Emenite Nigeria limited Enugu.

This research work was presented in three chapters; chapter one, deals with the introduction which contains the background of the study brief history of Emenite Nigeria limited Enugu; inclusive is the statement of the study objectives of the study and definitions of important terms.

Chapter two, deal with the literature review while chapter three treated the research design and methodology, presentation and analysis of data were treated.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background of the Study

• Statement Of The Problem
• Objectives of the study
• Importance of the study
• Scope and limitation of the study
• Definition of important terms
• References

CHAPTER TWO

• LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1     Definition/Meaning of training

• Objectives of training
• Evaluations of training
• Principles and techniques of training
• Methods of training
• References

CHAPTER THREE

• RESEARCH METHODOLGY

3.1     Sources of Data

• Presentation of data
• Analysis of data
• Summary of findings
• Recommendations
• Conclusion

References

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

1.1     GENERAL BACKGROUND OF THESTUDY

this research work is an attempt to study the importance of human resources management, in a business resources management in a business organization or enterprises which is of paramount importance to its survival.

Every organization, to a large extent depends more on these resources for the attainment of it’s objectives;

However, the objectives cannot be attain unless the organization is made of the employees who have skills, knowledge and ability to work.

Although employees may have the abilities skills and knowledge, in the long run they may find it very difficult to cope with their jobs due to many factors such as organizational changes, job changes, and technological changes and so on.

Therefore, management involves manpower training and development as one of is various activities.  When workers are employed, they are not just left to stay and work until they are done for retirement, but they are being trained in order to increase their abilities, skills and knowledge.

Experience has shown that many employees have failed in organization become their need for training was not identified or provided for as an indispensable part of management function.

However, employees are not just trained for their own benefits only, the organization stands to gain a lot from them as well.  The manpower development programme is a very important activity, management cannot afford to miss because of it’s various objectives.  A lot of reasons explain why organizations carry out manpower training.

These include:

1. to avoid high costs of wastes and equipment maintenance.
2. to improve the quality of output.
3. To improve the quality of input.
4. to lower the cost of wastes and equipment maintenance
5. To prevent turnover absenteeism and increase employee job satisfaction
6. To prevent employee obsolesce.

Considering the benefits of manpower training mention above, one is prone to say that manpower training is indispensably necessary for attainment of organizational goals.  A substantial amount of money is needed for this programme but is regard as money.

Well invested because of its various benefits.

In fact, the importance of manpower training cannot be over emphasized. It plays a large part in determining the effectiveness and efficiency of the organization.

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

In every organization all over the world the management sets up the organizations goals and ways of achieving the goals.  The financial institution or any other organizations like Emenite LYD.

Enugu is no exception since they perform many activities in order to attain their goals effectively.  Effective and efficient workers are considered very necessary and essential.  Thus to keep and maintain those workers, they should be trained and developed as the need arises.

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THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY

(A CASE STUDY OF NBC PLC ENUGU)

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ABSTRACT

 

The study of the nature involves a lot of deep research and understanding of the factors, which creates the effects on the subject matter.  Primarily, these factors were more economical than managerial as the case may be, on the understanding that this research work is being casual out under a management setting or department.

Just as the subject matter is, the impact of foreign direct investment on the Nigerian Economy with a case study of Nigerian Bottling Company Plc, it is based on the economic, social and entrepreneurial impacts created by these multinational companies like NBC Plc on their host societies.

Based on this, the objective of this study was to determine through quantitative and quantitative measures whether the benefits of multinational enterprises (MNE’S) out weigh the cost that results from their activities in the hose countries.

The first chapter of this work contains a general discussion (i.e. critics and defense) of FSI’s activities in host countries.  Further the statement of the research problem was studied and the need for the study.  The scope and limitation to the research work was finally looked into with the stated hypothesis which guide the researcher in his evaluations.

In chapter two, a number of part related literatures were examined as it relates to the impact of foreign direct investment to Nigeria as the case may be with particular reference to NBC Plc activities in Enugu Zone.

Chapter three treated the design of the study, the method of collecting data and the ways in which the questionnaires were distributed within the chosen population.

The data gathered from the research were analysed and interpreted in chapter four of this research report.

Finally, the summary of findings, conclusions on the research work and recommendations were given by the researcher all in chapter five.

It is believed that these recommendations made in this study will help both the multinationals in their relationship with their host communities as well as creating an enabling environment from the host country for their business to there.

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction

1.1     Overview of the study

• Brief review of Nigerian Bottling Company Plc
• Statement of research problem
• Research questions
• Hypothesis
• Scope of the study
• Limitations of the study
• Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO

• Literature review
  • Theoretical review
  • The impact of foreign direct investment on the growth

of the host society

• Theoretical paradigm
• Theories of foreign direct investment

 

CHAPTER THREE

• Introduction

3.1     Research design

• Area of the study
• Population of the study
• Sample and size determination
• Instrument of data collection
• Validation of the instrument
• Reliability of the instruments
• Method of data collection
• Questionnaire distribution and retrieval
• Method of data analysis

 

CHAPTER FOUR

• Presentation of analysis and interpretation of data

4.1     Answers to questionnaires

• Test of hypothesis

 

CHAPTER FIVE

• Discussion of results of findings

5.1     Conclusions

• Recommendations
• Suggestion for further studies

Bibliography

Appendix 1

Appendix 11

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

• INTRODUCTION

1.1     OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY

Nigeria emerged from the colonial experience with an economy structured in accordance with the imperators of colonial economic relationship.  The first National Development plan of (1963) was launched with the objectives of providing the framework for industrial take off and development.

 

However, as the foreign investors were apprehensive of the nascent independent administration, efforts were made not only to alloy their fears of nationalism but also to attract more foreign investments through joint ventures with regional government then or the federal government.  The first development plan as an open door regime saw an increase in the establishment of miscellaneous foreign enterprises in Nigeria, many of which are unincorporated branches of their overseas business.

 

However, just only about few years offer independence when the rest of the world including the erstwhile colonial master had hardly adapted to the realities of Nigeria’s attainment of nationhood or for the Nigerian government to articulate and plan its own economic policy, the country experienced its first military coup d’ et al in 1966.  this was followed by the civil was which tested for three years hence necessitated the cohesion of resources towards the successful execution of the war.

 

The period saw the introduction of various control measures of great significance.  For the foreign investors, these include licensing, quotas, exchange control measures with two tier compulsory credit system for import payments, restriction on capital/individual transfer and the promulgation of the companies decree of 1968 which compelled all forms operating the country to be incorporated as Nigerian Companies subject to local regulations.

 

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) refers to a movement of capital that involves ownership and control of a firm in another country for instance, the purchase of common chores in a Nigerian incorporated company by a French citizen involves ownership and an element of control.  This is because all shares in an organisaiton have same voting rights.

For the purpose of this classification such is recorded as FDI if the shares acquired involves more than 10% of the outstanding common shares of the Nigerian company.

In this research and generally, Foreign Direct Investment is classified in the context of Multinational Corporations (MNC).  The MNC is sometimes refered to as Multinational Enterprises (MNE) is Transnational Corporations (TNC) or Transnational Enterprises (TNE).

According to the chairman of BOD’s of Chemical Co, a multinational form in the united state origin “the emergence of a world economy and the multinational corporation have been accomplished land in land”.  He sees multinational enterprises moving towards what he called “a global company”, a firm that have no nationality but belongs to almost all countries.

The phenomenon of the MNC can be explained only in a world of imperfect factor and product market characterized by differential taxation market power and share, positive information costs and the existence of pure specific revenue producing assistance.  In such a world, the market mechanism is partially replaced by other organizational firms, which generates and transmits relevant information and which co-ordinates production and marketing decisions.

The MNC arises in other words in response to a particular kind of market failure caused by high differential costs of inter-nation transfer of market information and technology and of course, factors of production (Tour and Hirsil 1979).  The key features of MNC are the, it provides the recipient nation with a package of knowledge, capital and entrepreneurship development.  It may thereby create a positive contribution to economic growth and development in host countries.

Many multinationals corporations exist in the Nigerian economic settings these encompassed the manufacturing sector like Nigeria Bottling Company (NBC), constitution like Julus Berger Nigeria, Mineral Exploration like Shell Nigeria, banking etc, to mention but a few.  It becomes pertinent that the manufacturing sector be given due cognizance for the purpose of the research work.  In this sector, the Nigerian Bottling Company Plc will be a case study and a pointer.

The concept of Multinational Corporation and economic development has remained on the relationship between the MNC’s and the host societies and how development is appraised in these host societies.

The issue of contribution to development through social responsibility by the business enterprise has become a topical issue in management decision and is negatively favoured in these host societies.

They have rounding argued that there has been gross neglect and lack of development focus in their place or communities.  It is good to discuss the fact that some laudable developments have been directly felt by these host societies in terms of revenue, employment technology transfer and other benefits to the government.  It is a fact that Nigeria is a developing country and have the same peculiar characteristics with other developing nations of the world such as low standard of living with low savings and investment and lacks managerial know how.  This has placed Nigeria in a guest for resources from other developed nations viz-a-viz international business through MNC’s.

 

It is also right to say that MNC’s like other business ventures has the objective of profit maximization as their aim.  From the foregoing, this research work places premium on the critical evaluation and  examination of the impact of foreign direct investment (MNC) activities in the Nigerian economy using Enugu Zone which comprises Enugu North, Enugu South, Enugu East and 9^th Mile Corner on a bench mark.  The prospective here is primarily managerial and economic i.e. the dissension focuses on the important part in the overall evaluation so, they are discussed along with the above mentioned factors.

The research work therefore will try to examine.

 

 

• BRIEF REVIEW OF NIGERIAN BOTTLING COMPANY PLC

Coco-cola which is the major product of Nigerian Bottling Company Plc was first made on 8^th May, 1886 by Dr. John Styth Demberton a pharmacist in his home town Atlanta Georgia U.S.A.

The name coco-cola was given by Frank M. Robinson Dr. Demberton’s partner and book keeper.  He also designed the flowing script that dist

 

 

 

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SOLVING UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM, THROUGH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN NKANU EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF ENUGU STATE

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CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

1.1               BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY.

In adequate appreciation of how unemployment could be solved through the establishment of small scale business I Nigeria and in particular or Nkanu East Local government Area of Enugu State, there also the need for the initial performance of defining unemployment? As well as small scale business and inter worse both for our purpose.  However, the Oxford dictionary of recent English defined unemployment as the state being unemployed and the amount of usual labour. Unemployment is also people who are willing and able to work but have no job. On the other side of small-scale business has been defined by a list of authors more precily by a man called peter. Ejiofor (1989) in this book.

FUNDATION OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

As these enterprises that relating small capital investment that produces in small qualities and a result control of a small share of  the market, that em ploy more than sixty percent  of workers  in which the management, marketing and an entrepreneur function a re  rested in the proprietor.

Also according to Klott Lawrence in 1973, that small-scale industry is any industry which is independently owed and operated and not dominant in it’s area of operation, industries whether a business is small fair sized or by. The says that a small business requires at least one man who is not engaged in any other financial work required. Although it’s true that small scale business create job opportunity and facilitate the economy of the nation still confirmed to the large scale business.

Moreover, small-scale business is known also to have certain indispensable, which differentiate them from large-scale business. Finally the main point for measuring what constitutes a small-scale business attract the following, as to continue;

CHAPTER ONE

 

1. THE SIZE OF THE BUSINESS: – Since they are small in nature, most of them are normally small in size and occupies a small share market.
2. TYPE OF MANAGEMENT: – it’s characterizes by one man management, it is owner domination, that is Purism of ownership and control. They owner management participates activity in all level of decision. Making a day-to-day operation and management of the business.
3. INFORMATION FLOW: – In small scale business as a one man business, the information is known to come from the owner to they workers and feed back is encourage effectively.
4. SOLE PROPERITORSHIP: – They are always polited by they sole proprietorship who does not want to go into particuliarship with others i.e they are ruled solely.
5. CHEAP LABOUR:– Most of them in these case due to the type of their business, they search for cheap labour to do work for them, so that they can pay at the end of the day.
6. SMALL OUTLAY: – Due to the nature and size. They normally have small invest able capital to run their business. Some illustrations of small business are small-scale poultry farming, Fashion and hair dressing, phone called business etc.

According to yakass, (1990) over the years there has been controversy over the definition of small scale industry.   The absence of universal acceptable definition has compounded the problems of many industrialists.

The control bank of Nigeria definition of small scale over does not exceed N 500, 000. 00 to 600, 000. 00. For commercial bank or capital investment not N2 millions and turn over to million for merchant banks.

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THE GROWTH OF INDIGENOUS FIRMS IN NIGERIA PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS:

(A CASE STUDY OF AJAOKUTA STEEL COMPANY LIMITED IN KOGI STATE)

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ABSTRACT

This research was embarked upon to gain institute into growth of indigenous firms in Nigeria.   This is specifically an attempt to investigate the impart of indigenous firms among others.   The objective are not only to acquaint equitable growth for indigenous firm and also to cheek the problems and prospects and to equally highlight its relevance among indigenous firms review of relaxed literature and theoretical framework also is arranged in logical sequence for the purposed of this study secondary sources, this data was analyzed using simple percentage and chi square.   The researcher also found out that the growth of indigenous firms also affects the scope-economic growth of our economy.   It is clear to note that indigenous firms have create impact on the country economy through export promotion financial institution and industrialization development strategies.

Finally, the summary of findings conclusion and recommendation where not left out, they are expected to serve as a basis for further researchers.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

• General Background to the Subject matter
• Problem Associated with the Subject Matter
• Problem(s) that the Subject will be Concerned with
• The Importance of Studying the Area
• Definition of important Terms
• Reference (using APA Method0

CHAPTER TWO:          LITERATURE REVIEW

• The Origin of the Subject Area
• School of Thought within the Subject Area
• The School of Through Relevant to the Problem of Study.
• Different method of Studying the Problem

CHAPTER THREE:          CONCLUSION

• Data Presentation (high light of the study)
• Analysis of the Data
• Recommendation
• Conclusion

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• GENERAL BACKGROUND TO THE SUBJECT MATTER

One of the major economic backwardness of the most third world countries like Nigeria is the over prolonged sojourn of private foreign divestment in them.

The predatory exploitative orientation and activities of foreign monopoly capital, it inherent tendency to resist and hamper local industrialization and to perpetuate merchanitte capitalism and its determination and deliberate efforts to retard the growth of endogamous entrepreneurship all this have heavily influenced Nigeria economic history for well over a century.

This foreign dominance of commercial activities in Nigeria was made possible by restrictive practices employed by the established merchant firms.  It is important to note that commercial banking is a major source of credit (capital) was solely owned and controlled by foreign elements.   Their policies were made towards satisfying the needs of foreign enterprise, indigenous entrepreneurs merely subjected on the crumbs that fell on the gable.

(Ezeigwe .J. O) Nigerian government in the 1950s operated mainly an open door policy which attempted to live foreign investors into the country.

After the civil war, experiences showed that the issue of indigenous participation in the Nigerian economy once can be re-opened.   The dubious role played by foreign investors at various stages of the civil war and the acute shortage of essential commodities at the same period and the spirally inflationary trend that followed post war reconstruction and rehabilitation programmes had contributed to inform the government that there was the necessity to allow the indigenes of Nigeria and government a hand in deciding their economic fortune.

The government was further persuaded by radical agitation of the politician s and the masses to do something about their economic difficulties. With these pressures and economic difficulties mounting higher and higher, the government decided to whittle down foreign dominance of the economy on 23^rd February 1972, the military government promulgated the Nigeria enterprise promotion Decree No. 4 of 1977 popularly known as the indigenization decree the following were the objectives.

1. To create opportunity for our people
2. To raise the proportion of indigenous firms and ownership of the productive sectors of the economy.
3. To maximize local retention of profit
4. To involve more Nigerians in the management and decision making process of business enterprises. All in an effort to enhance indigenous growth of Nigeria firms.

• PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SUBJECT MATTER

A number of problems have been identified as being responsible for the backwardness and retardation in the general growth of Nigeria indigenous firms the persistent set back in the growth of the indigenous firms have been assumed to center on the followings:  Inadequacy of capital, poor technological manpower deficiency, mass illiteracy, management incapability and marketing in competency (National and internationally) etc there are many more that form the cove problems of the growth of our indigenous firms.

It is the intention of the researcher therefore to take a critical examination of the internal and external factors affecting the growth of our indigenous firms.

There is a general contention that the rate of growth of our indigenous firms, especially since the pushing aside of the aliens, has been sow.   This statement in the growth of indigenous firms in Nigeria, problems and prospects will be investigated and possible recommendation given as to the solutions.

• PROBLEMS THAT THE STUDY WILL BE CONCERNED WITH

A lot of obstacles and limitation were encountered by the researcher during the course of this work.   Some of these problems are personal handicaps of the research such as time constraints and money, others are general or societal belief that the activities of their firms remain secret this is why respondents refused to give the researcher maximum co-operation on the question given and interview conducted.

On personal handicap, the problem of transport fore drastically reduced the sample size of the number of firms covered.   However, some efforts were made to cover some reasonable number of firms.   Time constraint did not allow me to cover all the places mapped out for study.

Lack of co-operation from respondents was a very serious problem and disturbing case in the study, the bureaucracy involved before an information could be supplied in some organization is cumbersome and costly that not every researcher can hold to the patience.   Some of these respondents misplaced questionnaire given to them while others returned theirs unfilled.

Many of the literature fill short of the vital information as required especially as its currently the activities and growth of the Nigeria firms.   These and many more others were the factors militated against this study.

1.4     THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDY THE AREA

The researcher will pinpoint the capital requirement of the growth vitiating factor which at times have been typically believe to be very small.   Therefore the significance of this study is as follows:

1)       To identify the problems that are being faced by indigenous firms in Nigeria.

2)       To render possible solutions to the problems for use by the indigenous firms managers in Nigeria.

3)       To examine the attains of some

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TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PREREQUISITE FOR HIGH PRODUCTIVITY

(A CASE STUDY OF BEECHAM PLC)

 

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ABSTRACT

 

This research is aimed at going the enhancement high productivity in BEECHAM PLC

To guide this study there are problem associated with the study which are passed on finding some major finding are that the staff training and development needs are not determined the objective of the training development programme could not be achieved to some extent employees are not motivated to increase their capabilities; and the study also seek to answer  the question of how well has training and development help the overall productivity of SmithKline Beecham Nigeria PLC; the method employed in the training and development of staff within the organization: what contribution have training and development made to solve the problem of low productivity in SmithKline Beecham Nigeria PLC

Based on the above finding some may recommendation were made for major recommendation were made for effective implementations.

 

TABLE CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

1. Introduction
   • General background to the subject matter;
   • Problems associated with the subject matter;
   • Problem (s) that the study will be concerned with;
   • The improtant of studying the area;
   • Definition of important terms;
   • (Chapter) reference [using APA method]

 

CHAPTER TWO

2. Literature review

• The origin of the subject area
• School of thoughts within the subject area;
• The school of though relevant to the problem of the study;
• Difference methods of studying the problems
• Summary
• References

 

3. CONCLUSION

• Data presentation [highlights of the study]
• Analysis of the data
• Recommendation
• Conclusions
• References

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

In managing an organization many process or techniques are  employed (for instance recruitment training and development staffing etc) one of the objective of any organization whether profit or non-profit oriented will be to have maximum productivity.  This the improtant of human resource management in the accomplishment of organization goal is involved in production or services the labour imput is    vital to its success given the significant influence which employee have on productivity without one effective productivity of employees the organization will produce good or services so inefficiently that the survival of the company might be threatened.

 

Nevertheless training and development is not looked in terms of “one and for all activity;  However it is an on-going process as new employee are trained and also longer serving employee who are  transferred to other job being promoted ( or when new equipment are hired to purchased) it required some forms of  training and development.

 

The aims of providing education and training of member   of the organization may be seen as the advantage derived from such training e.g. high productivity low accident and grievance and rate and labour turnover

 

It could then be mentioned that training and development is aimed at correcting mistakes of the  organization caused by employees work performance such low productivity high labour turnover, high grievances rate and absenteeism

 

Organization often engages in the regular training and development of the employees because it is assured that organization problem like productivity, profitability etc. can be solved through these activities this a more realistic approach is to ensure that training does exist and that other problem solving approaches  such as motivation job environment programme for the training to achieved its objective of productivity.

 

One of the most fundamental ways by which human resources can be maximized is through carefully designed and properly implemented employee training and development.

 

 

• GENERAL BACKGROUND TO THE SUBJECT MATTERS

Training is not modern invention the handling down of important skill like the use of tools and implement such as knives ropes and nets have always been necessary for the survival of the family tribe and ultimately the human race. The emphasis, right form the distance past has been skill and the apprenticeship idea which is for older than the recent formal western system.

 

The general pattern was then a simple one young boys (not girls) were taken on by master craftsmen were thought the use of equipment and other techniques. In Josiah Wedgwood  time  (1744) for example the master was required to teach him the “Art misery occupation or employment of throwing and handling” this talk of “art” and “misery” dates to the middle ages and even earlier. Additionally, there was other less manual skills based areas of training.

 

In religion (particularly for those becoming priests the service of the law of the state is bureaucratic (indeed in ancient china to be able to write beautify  poems was a good recommendation of high public office)

 

However it was easy (and common) for apprentices (and other trainees) to be used as cheap labour being exploited and used as a general run about for his master not always being taught the art and misery very well

We can say about his training activity that:

1. It was neither organized not consistent from trainees to trainee; nor were there any usual or national standard attainment agreed upon or recognized by group of masters
2. Such training was specific to a trade or profession (job oriented)
3. Very few people in the whole population actually received such training.

 

A significant impetus for change came with the industrial revocation. There was need for an ever- increasing number of  skill people to undertake the complex tasks of running and maintaining machinery.  Engineering as opposed to construction or coopering became the prime industry for apprenticeship. To help in the training mechanics institutes or night school were founded the forerunners of  today’s technical colleges and polytechnics.

 

 

Further more very significant changes in training took place as a result of two world wars.  In each war large number of men were taken from factories to serve in the aimed forces and other peoples some men but mostly women filled vacant job in the factories. Lessons never learned in training of large numbers of people to reach certain minimum standard in a short time

 

 

• PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SUBEJCT MATTERS

In an attempt to determine the most effective administration of  training in an organization certain thing might come in:

1. Staff training and development needs should to determined

Objective of training and  development programme could be ach

 

 

 

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