TRAINING DEVELOPMENT AND PROMOTION AS A MEANS OF BOOSTING EMPLOYEE MORALE IN AN ORGANIZATION 

A CASE STUDY OF CADBURY NIGERIA PLC LAGOS

 

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CHAPTER ONE

1.0     Introduction

1.1     Background of the Study

1.2     Statement of the Problem

1.3     Purpose of the Study

1.4     scope of the Study

1.5     Research Question

1.6     Significance of the Study

1.7     Definition of Terms

Reference

CHAPTER TWO

2.1     Review of Relevant Theory

2.2     Learning Theory

2.3     Training Team and Their Functions

2.4     Importance of Training and Development                                             Review Training Needs

2.6     Planning Training Needs

2.7     Assessing Training at Various Levels                                                    Methods and Technique for Training and Development

2.9     Criteria for Training Selection

2.10   Management Development

2.11   Methods and Techniques for Development

2.12   Evaluation of Training Programme

Reference

 

CHAPTER THREE      

3.0     Research Design and Methodology

3.1     Research Design

3.2     Area of Study

3.3     Population and Study

3.4     Sampling and Sampling Procedure

3.5     Instrument for Data Collection

3.6     Validation of the Research Instrument

3.7     Reliability of the Research Instrument

3.8     Method of Administration of the Research Instrument

3.9     Reference

 

CHAPTER FOUR        

4.0     Data Presentation and Analysis

Reference

 

CHAPTER FIVE                    

5.1     Discussion of Findings

5.2     Conclusion

5.3     Implications of the Finding

5.4     Recommendations

5.5     Suggestion for further research

5.6     Limitation

5.7     Summary

BIBLIOGRAPHY                                                                               

          APPENDIX

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

This study was to conduct a research work on the above topic, using Cadbury Nigeria Plc as my primary source of information to collect relevant data.

The area covered by the researcher include among the historical background of the company and the method adopted in training their personnel.

Also there is a critical review in development and training in the organization and the actual performance within the organization.

The prospect of training and development in an organization as related to production will be appraised.

The caliber of personnel involved in the training and development programme will be worked into there will be an evaluation of the training and development programme.

The importance of training and development as motivational factor will be reviewed.

I will review some textbook to back my research work then aspects will include definitions and objectives of training and development, again some research work experts will also be taking into consideration; in order to know how effective is training and development to the motivation of workers, for high productivity and efficiency.

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

Every Organization be it people or private has the primary aim of achieving the organizational goals for which it was being set up.

These goals can only be achieved by the judicious acquisition and effective utilization of its man power resources.

 

According to E.F.L. Brech (1976) Management in principle Pg. 10 Training and Development this is an aspect of management practice wherein a good deal of realistic and reliable knowledge is called for as well as the expertise to be able to interpret and translate the disclosed needs into the ways and means of improvement.

 

Generally guidance on this matter is not easy to offer and it could be unwise if allowed to become the substitute for expert assistance.

 

This is also important that the programmes for development whether by training (learning) or by others means, should allow for and encourage the self-help efforts of gained from this factor improving competence.

 

There is major benefit to be gained too, from wise counseling by older and senior mangers. This is particularly true when the improvements called for lie the direction of personal attitude, of behaviour towards colleagues and subordinates or of judgment and decision. Such counseling should not occur only at the periodic appraisal reviews but, should rather be a feature of the everyday exercise of the managerial roles.

 

According to Lawrence L. Bethel, Franklin S. at water, George H.E. Smith, Harvey A. Stackman, Jr. and James L. Riggs, industrial Organization and Management Fifth Edition Pg. 427 says larger companies have been giving increasing attention to the training and development of management members above the foremen level: department heads, staff assistants and officers.

 

The systematic inventory of executive potential which highlights the training need, the essence of this is a self-evaluation of training and experiences a soul-searching analysis present performance and a selection of specific items to be improved. If a man can recognized his own weaknesses and find means to strengthen them, this is one of the best forms of executive development.

 

Therefore, no organization can progress, grow and excel without training and promoting its working force for high productivity and efficiency. However in a growing economy like Nigeria there is likely to be high rate of managerial turnover and because of these, gap many arise in the managerial structure of the industry, in filling these gaps, skilled people from different sectors are appraised and will need to be trained and development in order to fit the specific needs of management.

 

Manpower is one of the vital resources of any organization and it plays a vital role in development of the nation. Land capital and manpower and the basic factors of production, it is pertinent to know that manpower is the most important of all these factors, this is because when there is no manpower the other factors can not operate.

 

In almost the 3^rd world countries in which Nigeria belongs to,   the major hindrance to the successful implementation of national development plan since our independence in 1960 is our inability to develop highly rich resource of manpower; lack of development of our social economic sphere often lead to disintegration of our indigenous industry growth.

 

Speight (1989) editor in the book title the science of price, wrote that income is the product of human efforts acting upon or aided by other resource, it follows that income could always be increased by the application of more human effort to scarce resources. A country that cannot develop the skill and knowledge of its human resource and utilized them effectively in the national economy cannot develop anything else.

 

In addition, if a country fails to train develop and promote the necessary class of people in a way that is expected of such country, it would not produce positively rather such …

 

 

 

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PRODUCTION OF PLANT MIRROR USING LOCAL RAW MATERIAL

 

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ABSTRACT

 

This project “production of plane mirror using local raw material” is meant to study the possibility of producing plane mirror using sand rich in silica as its major local raw material.

 

Plane mirror is produced by casting one side of a sheet glass.  Presently in Nigeria, sheet glass is not used easily produce and as such, the local raw material used in the in the production of plane mirror in this product backing paint.  The facilities for the production include spraying gun and finger brush.

 

In the course of production, the silver nitrate was first mixed with a reducing reagent; we formaldehyde of glucose, all in a distilled water.  After which the mirror backing paint was mixed with some amount of thinner.  The float glass was then washed with warm water and allowed to dry.  After drying, it was first coated with silver nitrate solution after the use of talcum power to rub on the back of the glass.

 

A second spraying of mirror- backing paint was done after the silver nitrate coating had dried up.  This whole operation now resulted to a plane-mirror since a plane mirror is also a coated glass.

 

The reflection of the mirror was taken after coating the glass, while the refractive index of the glass was taken before coating the float glass to form a mirror.

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     Historical Background

1.2     Definition:

1.3     Aims:

1.4     Scope of Study:

1.5     Uses:

1.6     Properties:

CHAPTER TWO

• LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1     Plane Mirror

2.2     Raw Material for Production of Plane Mirror

2.2.1  Sand

2.2.2       Soda Ash (Sodium Trioxocarbonate Iv)

2.2.3       Limestone (Calcium Trioxocarbonate (W)

2.3.0       Other Raw Material (Ie Additives)

2.3.1       Colouring and Decolourizing Agents

2.3.2       Melting and Refining Agents

2.3.3       Opalizing Agents

2.2.4       Modifiers

2.3.5       Cullet

2.40        Types of Furnaces

2.4.1       Tank Furnance

2.4.2       Pot Furances

2.4.3       Day Tanks

2.4.3       Recuperative Furnance

• Glass Formation

2.5.1       Glass Melting Process

2.5          Preparation of the Batch

2.5.1       Melting Of Glass

2.6          Types of Glasses

2.6.2       Float Glass

2.7          Manufacture of Mirror

2.7.1       Sequence of Production

2.7.2       Cutting

2.7.2       Labelling

2.7.3       Polishing

2.7.4       Washing Operation

2.7.5       Silvering Spraying

2.7.6       Painting

2.7.7       Oven

2.7.8       Cleaning and Inspection

2.7.10     Drilling

2.8.0       Types of Mirrors

2.9.0       Optical Properties of Mirror

2.9.1       Refractive Index and Dispersion

2.9.2       Transparency

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.0          Experiment Procedure for Production Of plane mirror

3.1          Raw Materials

3.2          Apparatus/Equipment

3.3          Preparation of mirror silvering chemical

3.4          Operational procedures involved in the production of plane mirror

• Experimental Result
  • Refractive Index Of Glass

3.5.2       Reflection of Plane Mirror

• Experimental Date For Refractive Index
  • Experimental Data For Reflection

3.5.2       Reflection of Plane Mirror

 

 

CHAPTER FOUR

DISCUSSION

 

CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION

 

CHAPTER SIX

RECOMMENDATION

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

• INTRODUCTION

1.1     HISTORICAL BACKROUND

According to the history of glass- mirror- Eye glasses- spectacles – contact lenses online”, the history of mirror dates back to the ancient time when mankind first saw reflections in a pound or river and considered it magic. At first polished stone or later glass was used in early man-made mirrors later glass was used in combination with metals like tin, mercury, and leads to create mirror.  Today combing glass and metal is still design used in almost all modern mirrors.  Mirrors are made by coating flat glass with silver, gold or mirror paints dates from Roman times and the inventor is unknown.

 

According to steve Robinson (htlp:11 www. Restoration-advice org/pages/mirrors-history html), mirror made of brass are mentioned is the bible, and mirrors of bronze were is common use among the ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans.  Polished silver was also used by the Greeks and Romans to produce reflection.  Crude form of glass mirrors were first made is Venice in 1300.  By the end of 17^th century mirrors were made is Britain and  the manufacture of mirrors developed in the other European countries and in U.SA.

 

The first attempt to back glass with a solution of silver was made by the German chemist Justus von liebiy in 1836, various methods have been developed since then, that depend on the chemical reduction of a silver salt to metallic silver.

 

 

1.2     DEFINITON:      

According to “the history of glass-mirror on line” mirror can be defined as a reflecting surface that forms an image of an object when light rays coming from that object fall upon the surface.  A plane mirror, which is flat, reflects light without changing the image.  Thee are two types of mirror; the convex mirror and the concave mirror. A convex mirror look like an upside-down bowl.  In a concave mirror which has bigger in the center, while a concave mirror which has a bowl shape, object looks smaller in the center the

 

 

1.3     AIMS:        

The aim of this project is to determine

 

 

 

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CONSUMERISM IN NIGERIA

 (THE ROLE OF NAFDAC AND APOCN)

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ABSTRACT

 

I embanked upon this study because of the increasing need to protect the interest of all consumers in Nigeria with the specific focus on the role of National Agency for Food and Drugs Administration and Control and the Advertising Practitioners Council of Nigeria.

If these two bodies carryout their duties diligently and effectively, the rights of consumers should be highly protected by reducing unethical behaviours.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

• Background of the Study
• Statement of the Problem
• Objective of the Study
• Significance of the Study
• Scope of the Study
• Definition of the Important Terms

CHAPTER TWO:          LITERATURE REVIEW

• The Origin of the Subject Area
• The Role of Government Unconsumer Protection
• The Social Responsibility of Business for Ethnical Behaviour
• Different Methods of Studying the Problem
• Summary
• Reference

CHAPTER THREE:      CONCLUSION

• Data Presentation
• Analysis of the Data
• Recommendation
• Conclusions
• References

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Business exists primarily to earn profit.   In order to achieve this goal; it will seek to serve some identifiable needs of some definable consumer.   Without consumers there would not be business because effective demand is desire back by ability to pay.  Consumers are therefore an important societal group towards whom business must believe responsibly.

While consumers are important to business they are not organised to countervail against business practices that are harmful or exploitative of them.   In relation to business consumers stand like labour in relation to management.   Traditionally, the business are free to make and market any product and or service provided that is not dangerous and also to design advertising communication for its products and services.  They are also allowed to price them in ways that enable them to maximize profit.

In 1962, the president of the United States of America (U.S.A), John F. Kennedy (Late) listed consumers right to include.

1. The right to choice from a range of brand of products and services.
2. The right to be informed of important fact about a product or services, such as quality, health hazards and durability.

• The right to be heard by business and government to make complaints or suggestion and to ask question.

1. The right to be safe when using products and services.

In the United States there arose the consumer movement in reaction to abuses by business, in the 1960’s consumers were dissatisfied with defective or unsafe products fraudulent claims and careless repair.

This resulted in the consumer product safety commission in 1972 (U.S) such concerns were felt in Nigeria and have let the government regulation of business to protect consumer.   In the 1970’s government set up such bodies as the productivity, prices and incomes board and the part-health office.

Today there are more such bodies among the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), Federal Road Safety Commission, Public Complaint Commission etc.

The private sector also has watchdog bodies such as the Advertising Practitioner’s Council of Nigeria (APCON), the Nigeria Medical and Dental Council, the Nigerian Bar Association and so on.

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

          Whereas it is proper to have watchdog bodies, it is the relationship between these bodies and business that ensure the production of consumers.   Two important consumer rights are the right to safe products and services to be what they are represented to be by the business which is selling it.

NAFDAC certified food and drugs as fit for human consumption, while APCON ensures that advertisements are not deceptive or

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AN EVALUATION OF LEADERSHIP STYLES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON EMPLOYEE ATTITUDE

(A CASE STUDY OF NDE ENUGU)

 

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CHAPTER ONE

1.0     Introduction                                                                                 1

• Background of the study 1
• Statement of problem 4
• The objective of study 4
• Scope of the study 5
• Research question 6
• Significance of the study 6

CHAPTER TWO

• Review of literature 9

2.1     The concept of leadership                                                            9

• Nature of leadership 12
• Leadership as the process of management 18
• Leadership styles 19
• Leadership as a speculative process 20
• Leadership as ability to influence others 21
• Summary of literature review. 22

 

CHAPTER THREE

• Methodology 24

3.1     Research design                                                                           24

• Area of study 24
• Population of study 24
• Sample and Sampling procedure 25
• Instrument for Data collection 25
• Validation of research Instrument 26
• Reliability of questionnaire 27
• Method of Administration of Researcher 27
• Method of Data Analysis 28

CHAPTER FOUR

• Data presentation and Analysis of Result

Summary of result findings                                                         30

CHAPTER FIVE

• Discussion, Implication, Recommendation 38

5.1     Discussion of Result                                                                    38

• Conclusion 39
• Implication of the Result 40
• Recommendation           40
• Limitation of the study 41

Reference                                                                                     43

Appendix     1                                                                              44

Appendix     2                                                                              46

 

 

 

LIST OF TABLE

 

4.1     To what extent that problems is facing in leadership styles in given breakdown of the sample population.

 

4.2     To what extent do leadership styles used by National Directorate of Employment

 

4.3     To what extent has the employee react in the

leadership style?

 

• To what extent that extent that leadership style in an organization brings about workers.

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

This study is intended to study out the Evaluation of leadership style and their effect an employee attitude.

The researcher employed the methods data collection for the work namely interview and observation methods.

The data collected were critically analyses in chapter four and the findings were summarized in chapter five conclusions and a recommendation was made.

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

1.0     INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF STUDY

According of oxford Advance learners Dictionary of current English by A.S Harn by fifth edition define leadership as a being a leader contest for the leadership of the labour part leadership problem.

 

Leadership is an area of managerial responsibility that is need of develop plans set objectives that help the organization cope with the future and make the demands guidance and director in doing their work. Leadership is paramount and important to the survival and effectiveness of organization, which consequently spends substantial to find and train leaders.

 

Leadership to the ability of and individual to influence others to work beyond ordinary level to achieve a goal or objectives. Leadership is generally defined as influence the art process of influencing people so that they will strive willingly towards the achievement of group goals.

 

This concept can be enlarged to imply not any the willingness to work, but also the willingness to interest or zeal and confidence. Confidence reflects or work experience and Technical ability such as paragraphy. To lead is to guides, conduct, direct and proceed leaders act to help a group to achieve objective with maximum application of its capabilities.

 

They do not stand behind a group to push and to prods they do not stand behind a group to as to facilitate progress and inspire the group to accomplish organizational goals. Leadership has an off on the performance of any organization. It affects both organization the employees at all level tend of evaluate their jobs and their organization depending on the kind of leadership behaviour their basses exhibit for a leader to lead effectively and efficiently.

 

In a very basic sense, leadership to the follower ship and one must discover why the people follows. Basically people must tend to follow those who they see as a means of satisfying wants and their needs the task of leader to encourage people to contribute effectively and willing to words the  accomplishment of enterprise goals and to satisfy their own needs in the process. The leader must always be aware of the human problems as a sensitively to words and the  aspirations of those whom he supervise and a capacity for those analysis of emotional forces motivate their conducts.

 

Infact the leader is an architect of the performance and hence tries to increase the more of his employees always the  search for a defiant solution to the problem of leadership effectiveness on the organization and the best leadership styles employed to increase employee moral which prove to be endless pursuit of organizational theories. Research findings however to suggest that leadership effectiveness is not dependent on the source of power alone but with situational factors climate or any particular style

 

From the foregoing, the question is that how effective is the leadership style is bringing about a good reaction of employees towards organization work and their environment. It is the aim of this research paper to the question.

 

 

 

• STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

These problems manifest themselves in such areas as:

1. Theories of leadership would be highlighted in the course of this academic working .
2. An attempt would be made to expose the nature, styles, types and conditions of effective leadership in an organization.

 

 

 

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THE PURPOSE AND USE OF MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY FIRM IN NIGERIA

(A CASE STUDY OF ONITSHA SOUTH (L.G.A) IN ANAMBRA STATE)

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ABSTRACT

 

This research focuses attention on The Purpose And Use Of Management Consultancy Firm with special attention on Onitsha South Local Government Area

This work is carried out in partial fulfillment of the course requirement for the award of higher national diploma of the institute of management and technology.

Critical assessment was made on how industrialists in Onitsha South have been using the services of the management consultancy forms and how aware they of their service.

Through this research one could see the ignorance of some of the industrialist towards the consultancy forms.  Their reasons for not consulting them   were also explained.  Observations were made on what is restraining the consultancy forms from rendering their services.

Finally, suggestions were given in the conclusion and if well applied could be beneficial to all

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background of the study

• Statement of the problem
• Scope and limitation of the study
• Significance of the study
• Research questions
• Definition important of terms
• Reference

 

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1          The origin of the subject matter

2.2          School of though within the subject matter

2.3          School of thought relevant to the problem of the study

2.4          Effect on industrialist

2.5          Reasons for establishing it in the zone

2.6          Summary

Reference

CHAPTER THREE

Research design and methodology

• Sources of data
• Different methods of studying the problems
• Treatment of data
• Sample size
• Research procedure
• Validity of the instrument

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 presentations of data analysis and interpretation of data

 

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1     Summary of findings

• Recommendation
• Conclusion

Bibliography

Appendix

Questionnaires

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Nigeria has a complex society with different types of organization.  Every organization encounters one or more problems that hamper the organization in achieving its set objective and goals. These problems ranges from financial availability human resources shortages monitoring competitor’s strategies raw materials shortages lack knowledge of how to manage the organization efficiently and effectively    in this social economic political and technological changes.

 

In Onitsha South this dynamism in the environment has continued to pose certain threats and opportunities to many organization e.g raw material sourcing market diversification research and development intensified competition market store managerial innovation improved organization climate and in fact an orientation towards an improved social quality of life. When this rapid change the management of any innovation and goal committed industrial establishment  will  periodically require a through skillful appraisal to the extent of which the current organization product and performance will  meet the requirement of the situation and that of the organization goals and objective if the performance is shown to be inadequate management  needs to be advised on how rectify this situation.

 

To do this we require an individual with an experience of that is happening within the industrial establishment that is an employee (if one can be seen) possibly may not due to this assignment within the establishment. When an individual within the organization is not available it then requires the service of a management consultant to come in the must be committed to this work for it to function properly he should not be a member of the organization.

 

Management consultancy service is a constructive helpful deliberate and professional service provided to business organization to help the management in analyzing and solving practical organization problem by experts.

 

It focuses on the use of the expertise and research capabilities of their experts and facilities outside an organization to help solve internal organization problem. This aim is achieved by the management consultants through investigation and business recommendation of appropriate managerial actions and provision of implementation guidelines and facilities as a way of findings feasible and commensurate solutions to the problem at hand.

 

Management consultants have passed through many organizational problems and have leant how to use experiences from previous assignment to handle new once.

Management consultants keep abreast with development in management methods and technique and at the same time acting as a link between management theories and practices

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The massive failure of industrial establishment for the past few year were due a inadequate planning unforeseen frequent government policy changes shortage of raw materials inadequate financing of the organization.

Another problem that hamper the growth of industrial establishment or business in Onitsha South Local Government Area is that industrial establishment have not been making adequate use of services if the management consultancy firms

Thirdly though some

 

 

 

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