CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF NATIONAL YOUTHS SERVICE CORPS TOWARDS ENHANCING NATIONAL INTEGRATION (A CASE

STUDY OF ANAMBRA STATE)

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ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to reveal the critical assessment of national youths service corps in Nigeria. The instrument used were questionnaire, the questionnaire was used to answer the research questions made up of four items population for this study were made up of 120 (one hundred and twenty) people comprising the nysc staff and staff of student affairs in federal polytechnic, oko. The instrument used were supervisor and corrected by the supervised before the final copy was made. The data collection was analysed in simple percentage in chapter four (4) based on the analysis. Major findings were indicated and conclusion drawn. Based on the findings, the researcher finally made her recommendations. That supervisor should be appointed to supervise the corps members during their service year. Also, that proper orientation should be given to them so that the aim of achieving national integration will be ensured categorically from the scheme.

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION                                                     1

1.1   Background of the study                                4

1.2   Statement of the problem                              7

1.3   Purpose of the study                                       9

1.4   Significance of the study                                10

1.5   Research questions                                                12

1.6   Scope of the study                                          13

1.7   Definition of Terms                                         13

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW                                            16

• Introduction 16

2.1   Meaning of NYSC                                            17

2.2   Origin of NYSC in Nigeria                               18

2.3   NYSC as a means of practical on the job training and orientation                                       19

2.4   NYSC as a means of proving indigenous manpower needed                                         22

2.5   NYSC and graduates experiment in national integration                                                        24

2.6   Important of NYSC                                         26

2.7   Summary of Related Literature                     27

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY                                                     37

• Brief outline of the study 38
• Design of the study 38
• Area of the study 39
• Population of the study 39
• Sample of the study 40
• Instruments for data collection 41
• Validation of instrument 42
• Distribution and retrieval of the instrument 43
• Method of data analysis 43

 

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0   Data presentation and analysis                     45

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION

Findings                                                                  53

Summary of findings                                              54

Recommendation                                                    54

Conclusion                                                              57

Limitations of the study                                         58

Suggestions for further studies                              59

Questionnaires                                                       61

Appendix                                                                 65

References                                                              66

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Experience, training or Orientation is the power and test of every work done or to be done in human history. The National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) is the only means through which graduates can obtain the best training, orientation of up-bringing of the theoretical context of what they study and equally the challenges to face as an independent entity.

According to Oxford advance learners Dictionary 7^th Edition it defines Orientation as training or information that is given before starting a new job, course etc. National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) has it’s emphasis on the idea of orientation and National Integration of graduates of various higher Institutions. With these orientation and Integration, graduate from all tribe, race and ethnic diversities are show how life should be after school and how perform job with the trainer’s supervision. Oxford advance learners Dictionary, Special Price Edition Saw Integration as act or process of mixing people who have previously been separated, usually because of colour, race, religion etc. Therefore National Youth Service Corps is a type of training and integration designed to expose and prepare graduates of higher institutions for this purpose, ie what they are likely to meet after graduation. The scheme or programme affords the opportunity of being familiarized and exposed to various culture, tradition and interaction and equally the experiences needed.

This study however is not aimed at looking at what is training is all about or the meaning of NYSC rather it is to critically assess the National Youth Service Corps towards enhancing National Integration, using Anambra State in Nigeria as a case study. The case study is a state in South East Nigeria which was created to promote integration of people from various race to enhance National Development. These graduates which are integrated and oriented will become managers of human resource and administrators of various ministries in the state and Nigerian at large.

1.1  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

This research work is being conducted to find out or make a critical assessment of NYSC in Nigeria and in Anambra in particular. What NYSC has done or would do for the Nigeria graduates. The National Youth Service Corps is a programme designed to inculcate discipline to the Youths by instilling in them a tradition of industry and dedication and of patriotic and loyal service to the Nation in any situation in which they may find themselves.

Secondly the raising of the moral tone of the youths by giving them the opportunity to learn about higher ideals of National achievement and social and cultural improvement. Thirdly the development of attitudes of mind and acquired suitable training, which will make them more amenable to mobilization in the national interest. A also the central focus of this scheme includes the development of common ties among the youths and the promotion of national unity by ensuring that the participants in the scheme are assigned to states other than their states of origin, or residence, that each group assigned to work together, is as representative of the country as possible.

The participant the equally exposed to the mode of living of people in different parts of the country with a view to removing pre-judices, eliminating ignorance, and confirming at first hand the many similarities among Nigerian’s of all ethnic groups, the encouragement of the participants in the scheme to seek, at the end of their NYSC service, career employment all over the country thus promoting the free movement of high level manpower in the nation, and finally to induce employers to employ more readily than ever before qualified Nigeria’s irrespective of their state of origin.

Anambra State which is one of the five South East State was created in 1991 under the military regime of General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida to further enhance Development through manpower procurement, basic infrastructural facilities and other basic necessary amenity Anambra has first creation in and second creation in the year 1991 with their capital at Awka. The orientation camp of NYSC in Anambra is located in Umuanya in Oyi Local Government has ruled Anambra Since it’s creation. Presently the seat is chaired by Peter Obi of all progressive grand Alliance “APGA” for second term.

1.2  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

It has been observed that some graduates have some misconception about this programme as provided by federal government. Some graduates for example equate the programme with holidays jobs or as three weeks picnic. Hence, the aims and the commitment is lacking and so the skills and experience to be gained may at the end not be acquired. Infact many of the graduates regards the camp allowances and monthly “Alawie” stipends as vital.

Again, there is reluctance among large numbers of employers to accepts and provide facilities necessary for meaningful service year. Their fear is that must of these graduates are inexperienced to hand certain delicate machines and tools without damaging them during their primary assignment, a situation in which student are not allowed to use certain equipments does not provide the desired motive needed to prepare them for the task ahead.

Also, some of these graduates are not supervised during their primary assignment at all and are not fully secured and protected, as most of them are deployed to a poor locality. All these are challenges which the scheme should addressed.

1.3  PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study is to assess critically on the extent of usefulness of National Youth Service Corps. In order to do this, the research work will aim at the following.

1. To find out whether the graduate participating in NYSC receive full orientation and training.
2. To find out whether the graduates participating in NYSC gain insight into and about national integration.
3. To determine whether NYSC helps to generate pool of indigenous trained manpower to meet the needs of the country’s economy.
4. To investigate whether NYSC has put in adequate machineries to secure and protects the participating graduates.
5. To determine whether the NYSC helps in securing and protecting the participating graduates in their various places of primary assignment.

1.4  SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

From the purpose of the study, it was assured that the scheme is completely different from SIWES, or ordinary long vacation employment of the under-graduate, it is a preparatory programme NYSC as at the time of it’s inception was limited to graduates of various institutions of higher in Nigeria. The scheme has succeeded in establishing a closer collaboration between institutions and industries, which is essential for preparing and integrating people ahead of their ethnic and cultural diversity. Heads of institutions of higher learning in the country have now realized the use fullness and invaluable contribution of NYSC in training graduates as a means of improving the quality of skilled manpower in Nigeria. A standard which the limited resources in the institution cannot provide.

1.5  RESEARCH QUESTIONS

In the process of carrying out this research work, the following research questions were used to guide the researcher. The study will attempt to answer to the following questions.

1. Do graduates who participates in NYSC receive adequate training and orientation?
2. Is NYSC helping in enhancing national integration and unity?
3. What machinery has NYSC put in place in generating a pool of indigenous trained manpower needed by the country?
4. Do the participation graduates receive adequate protection during this programme?

1.6  SCOPE OF THE STUDY

In as much as the study is specifically on the critical assessment of National Youth Service Corps towards enhancing National integration, based on this, there is need to carry out a comparative research with a particular state in Nigeria.

This study is limited to Anambra State which is one of the five South East state in Nigeria.  The reason behind this restriction is that the researcher is a student facing both time and financial constraints.

1.7  DEFINITION OF TERMS

For the purpose of this, some technical and other terms had been used in the research work which may sound ambiguous. For simplicity, terms that may be new or strange to the readers are explained as they are meant to be under stood by the researcher.

Assessment:

NYSC: National Youth Service Corps, a programme designed for training and orientation of graduates against life challenges and for national integration.

Researcher: Used to mean the person who carried out the research work.

Training: A process that involves the acquisition of skills, concepts, rules or attitudes in order to improve present and future performance.

Performance: The ability to carry out duties and responsibilities demanded of their position.

Ethnic Group: Sharing a common origin, culture or language.

Integration: Commune (parts) into a whole bring or come into full membership of a community.

Mobilization: Assemble (troops etc) for active services.

Pre-Prejudices: Before the administration of justices.

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USE OF MANPOWER AUDIT FOR EFFICIENT MAN POWER PLANNING

(A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU STATE BROADCASTING SERVICE)

 

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ABSTRACT

 

The purpose of this research is to investigate on the use of manpower audit for efficient manpower planning in Enugu State Broadcasting Service.

In carrying out the research, the researcher used such instrument as questionnaires, interviews and published work to obtain all the relevant data required in the study.

A system of random sampling was used to select the respondent after determining the sampling size.  The primary and secondary data types were used.

The research findings shows that lack of manpower audit is a serious threat to many organisations.

Hypothesis were formulated and chi-square was used, after a careful analysis, the study shows that it aimed for efficient manpower planning as a tool for achieving organizational objective in Enugu State Broadcasting Service (ESBS).

The researcher recommends that the organisation should give adequate staffing, that is to employ good hands, which will understand that achievement of organizational objective is a step towards achieving their personal goal.

However, the researcher further recommend that organisation should also adopt efficient way of communication to its employees for effective output.

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background of the study

1.2     Statement of the problem

1.3     Purpose of the study

1.4     Scope of the study

1.5     Research question

1.6     Significance of the study

1.7     Limitation of the study

1.8     Definition of terms

Reference

 

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1     Literature review

2.2     Meaning and purpose of manpower audit

2.3     Steps in human resource audit

2.4     Approaches to evaluation of the human resources audit.

2.5     Communicating audit result

2.6     Manpower audit in Enugu State Broadcasting Service (ESBS)

References

 

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

3.1     Research design

3.2     Area of the study

3.3     Population of the study

3.4     Sample and sampling procedure / technique

3.5     Instrument for data collection

3.6     Validation of the instrument

3.7     Reliability of the instrument

3.8     Method of data collection

3.9     Method of data analysis

References

 

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1     Presentation and analysis of data

4.2     Testing of hypothesis

4.3     Summary of result

References

CHAPTER FIVE

DISCUSSIONS, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION

5.1     Discussion of results / findings

5.2     Conclusion

5.3     Implications of the research findings

5.4     Recommendations

5.5     Suggestions for further research

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDAGES / APPENDICES

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

 

Manpower is an essential  element in any organisation.  Therefore, for any organisation to survive, grow and equally make profit, it must possess good quality and reliable manpower.  This is because man is the only factor of production most disposed to organize other factors to achieve optimum productivity.

 

Hence, an organisation can remain meaningfully competitive in the market only if it has quality manpower, which is able to articulate the objectives of the firm with the market opportunities and organizational resources.

 

However, in recognition of the dynamic nature of business environment and other prevailing circumstances, there is need for continuous evaluation of human resource.  This underscores the necessity for human resource audit and it must be in every organisation irrespective of size and location.

 

Undoubtedly, many public sector companies and parastatals, information ministry inclusive suffered terribly from lack of accurate date of it’s employees, haphazard policy.

 

Implementation, engagement in irrelevant expenditures, Shaddy records etc.  These canker-worms have succeeded in throwing few of the above mentioned sectors out of existence, drained the purse of some and stationed others at a point of collapse.

 

These problems were highly welcome due to lack of manpower audit in such organisations.  No wonder Ibeku (1984:p 11) stated categorically that manpower audit reveals the actual numbers of employees in the establishment that will form the basis of operation.

 

This assertion brings to light the need for accurate information on the required number of employees in the organisation.  It can then help to determine their pay, promotion scheme, performance appraisal, manpower forecast and avoidance or identification of ghost workers.

 

Besides, manpower audit provides a comprehensive perspective on current practices, resources and management policies regarding human resource management and identify opportunities and strategies for redirecting them.

 

Implicit is an assumption that opportunities are being missed by staying with current approaches and that the human resource management process is dynamic and must continually be redirected to be responsive to need (Walter 1980, p:361 – 362).

 

Therefore, then manpower audit has been successfully carried out in an organisation.  It will help for effective manpower planning.  It is important that organisation view human resource as a major part of the corporate planning activity.  It x-rays itself in hiring, selection, utilization.  Motivation and maintenance of quality manpower.

 

Hick and Gullet (1981, p. 252) is of the of the view that planning coordinates the activities of the organisation towards defined and agreed upon objectives consequently, manpower planning is an aspect of the total corporate planning concept.

 

 

 

ORIGIN OF BROADCASTING IN NIGERIA AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON ENUGU STATE BROADCASTING SERVICE (ESBS)

 

Broadcasting came to Nigeria in ages.  One of which was the introduction of wired broadcasting more popularly known as ratio distribution or re-diffusion it was a service, which provided for the relay or distribution of programmes by means of wires connected to loud speakers installed in the homes of subscribers.  This method of distributing programmes as wired broadcasting, which is the transmission of programmes intended for reception by means of radio waves.

 

The introduction of the radio to Nigeria was on initiative of the engineers of the posts and telegraphs department in Lagos who had been involved in monitoring the test transmission of the BBC on short wave.  Between 1929 and 1930 they had carried out experiment in local broadcasting while monitoring the BBC.  The experiment showed that short wave broadcasting were possible but the receivers necessarily would be just as expansion as would be required for the reception of the high power station in Britain.  It was therefore, decided that the most likely development would be the wired distribution of programmes from abroad, through a central receiver experimental work on wired broadcasting then it stated in Lagos early in 1933, and two years after.  It was extended to Ibadan and Kano.

 

In 1963, the colonial office set up the Plymouth committee which in its recommendation said that the establishment of wired broadcasting system will be necessary (Ladele and other 1979, p. 20 -28) thus in Nigeria, the establishment of a wireless broadcasting service come up the ten year plan of development and welfare, but the planners decided to defer it for time being, in view of the need for other services and the limits imposed by financial resources.

 

However, by 1988 when the government realized that Nigeria lagged behind other African countries in the establishment of an efficient broadcasting service, it decided that the installation of a national transmitter should no longer be delayed.

 

In November 1948, the colonial office invited the BBC to carryout a survey of broadcasting in Nigeria and other countries, in the light of the above, the report concluded that there was no urgent need to establish a proper wireless broadcasting service in Nigeria.

The arrival of MESSIS W. CHALMERS and TOM CHALMERS heralded the beginning of broadcasting service, and was the western Nigeria broadcasting service (WNBS) located in Ibadan.

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

There is no organisation without a problem that affects it either directly or indirectly.

This work is concerned with the problems that affects the use of manpower audit for efficient

 

 

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