THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLE ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE, IN KADUNA REFINING AND PETROCHEMICAL COMPANY
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ABSTRACT
The title of this project is “The Impact of Leadership Style on Employees Performance in Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company”. The researcher examined the problems of the study such as wrong placement of employees affect their performance and lack of the use of good leadership style affect employees performance. The main objectives among others was to identify the different leadership styles and their relationship with employees performance. In the attempt to achieve this noble objectives, research questions was formulated to examine the effectiveness leadership style process.
The instrument used for data collection was questionnaire method. The Likest 5 point scale and mean statistical methods were used to analyze the data. One of the findings was that the leadership style of a leader to a large extent determines the survival of the organization. In conclusion, strategic leadership style on employees facilitate effective performance.
Therefore, it was strongly recommended that leaders in organizations should adopt leadership styles that will create and foster good relationship between them and the subordinates so that they can relate well, work collectively and understandingly towards achieving their organizational objectives.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction – – – – – – – – 1
1.1 Background of the Study – – – – – – 3
1.2 Statement of the Problem – – – – – – 6
1.3 Objective of the Study – – – – – – – 7
1.4 Significance of the Study – – – – – – 7
1.5 Research Questions – – – – – – – 9
1.6 Scope of the Study – – – – – – – 10
1.7 Limitation of the Study – – – – – – 11
1.8 Definition of Terms – – – – – – – 12
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – 13
2.2 Definition of Leadership – – – – – – 14
2.3 Leadership Styles – – – – – – – 15
2.3 Fielder’s Situational Approach to Leadership – – 21
2.4 Factors to Consider in Selecting Leadership Style – – 23
2.5 Relationship between Leadership and Performance – 25
2.6 Relationship between Leader and Employees – – 27
2.7 The Role of an Effective Leadership in an Organization – 29
2.8 The Impact of Leadership Style and Emotion on Subordinate Performance – – – – – – – – 32
2.9 Impact of Transformational Leadership Style on Organizational Outcome – – – – – – – – – 35
2.10 The Influence of Leadership Styles on Employees Performance 36
2.11 Who is a Leader? – – – – – – – 38
2.12 Characteristics of a Good Leader – – – – – 38
2.13 The Difference between a Leader and a Manager – – 40
2.14 Summary – – – – – – – – – 44
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – 46
3.2 Research Design – – – – – – – 46
3.3 Area of Study – – – – – – – – 47
3.4 Population of the Study – – – – – – 47
3.5 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques – – – – 47
3.6 Instruments of Data Collection – – – – – 48
3.7 Validation of the Instrument – – – – – 48
3.8 Reliability of the Instrument – – – – – 48
3.9 Method of Data Collection – – – – – – 49
3.10 Method of Data Analysis – – – – – – 49
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – 51
4.2 Characteristics of Respondents – – – – – 51
4.3 Data Presentation and Analysis – – – – – 54
4.4 Summary of Findings – – – – – – 62
4.5 Discussion of Findings – – – – – – 64
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary – – – – – – – – – 66
5.2 Conclusion – – – – – – – – – 67
5.3 Recommendations – – – – – – – 77
References – – – – – – – – – 71
Appendix – – – – – – – – 73
Questionnaire – – – – – – – – 74
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
The importance of leadership in an organization can not be overemphasized. Leadership is a major element that sets successful and unsuccessful organizations and government apart. It plays central role in offering direction and purpose towards achieving goals of the organization. It is also an important element in the social relationship of groups at work. Leadership is the main factor that determines and shape group behaviour. When it is correctly applied, each employee enjoys a feeling of strong commitment towards achieving organizational goals. Regardless of equality of its members, every group will tend to have a system in which it will have a leader.
However, organizational goals can never be achieved without proper leadership style in play. It is important to note that the effective performance of an individual employee is a function of both his personal characteristics and the individual environment. A careful consideration of knowledge, skills, experience, attitude and motivation of an employee enhance maximum productivity and efficiency in the job. Since leadership deals with the human resource element, it provides the basis for effective utilization of material resources in an organization through individual skills, knowledge and ability.
Leadership can simply be defined as a process of influencing the activities of an individual or a group towards attainment of set goals. Leadership is the life wire of an organization. Douglas McGregor theory X and theory Y is to the view that leaders attitude towards human nature as a large influence on how that person behaves as a leader and how it affects the employee under the leader. It is however important to note that no single leadership style is likely to be effective in all circumstances, leadership style vary based on surroundings and circumstances.
However, instead of concentrating on a single leadership style, leaders can vary their approaches depending on three factors: forces in the leader, forces in the subordinate and forces in the situation. An effective leader is measured by his ability to manage and withstand forces around him and how to effectively utilize human and material resources to attain organizational objectives. Douglas McGregor put it clear that there is a close relationship between leaders’ expectation and the resulting performance of subordinates. He further explains that if leaders’ expectations are high, productivity is likely to be high.
1.1 Background of the Study
This study is on “The Impact of Leadership Style on Employees’ Job Performance in Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC).
Leadership as defined by Armstrong (2001) “Is the process of directing and inspiring employees to perform task and oriented activities of the organization”.
Edward (2002) in stressing the importance of leadership style, says the style adopted by the leader in every organizations especially in a manufacturing…