THE IMPACT OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (MIS) ON EFFECTIVE HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN AN ORGANIZATION

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ABSTRACT

The extended essay focuses on the “impact of management information system on the effectiveness of employees’ productivity in an organization”. However, management information system plays a vital role in stimulating the operation of an organization worldwide. This essay revealed that the regular training and workshops on MIS organized by the organizations influence the effectiveness of staff to be more productive. It also revealed that information processing devices must not only be available but also readily made accessible for staff usage in order to influence them to be effective in performing their duties. It was recommended that management of the selected organizations should give their employees the opportunity to go for training and retraining so as to up-date their competence and knowledge in management information system. It is also recommended that the management of the organization should provide adequate facilities devices of information management system.

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Every aspect of management in the modern age relies heavily on information to thrive. Nothing moves without information and it is generally believed that information is power and that he who has it has power. It has even been described as a singular resources needed to develop other resources, including workers in an organization. That is why Odger and Keeling (2000) deduced that one way businesses meet information needs is to use Management Information System (MIS). One approach by which organization can utilize company’s capability is through the development of Management Information System (MIS). There is no universally accepted definition of Management Information System (MIS) and those that exist reflect the emphasis and perhaps prejudice of their authors.

 

However, the term “Management Information System” (MIS) can be seen as a database management system tailored to the needs of managers or decision makers in an organization. MIS is a system using formalized procedures to provide management at all levels in all functions with appropriate information based on data from both internal and external sources, to enable them to make timely and effective decisions for planning, directing and controlling the activities for which they are responsible Argyris (1991). It should be noted from the above definition that the emphasis is on the uses to which the information is put. Planning, directing and controlling are the essential ingredients for “Management”. In essence, the processing of data, information, and communicating the resulting information directly to the user, is the key function of MIS. It should, therefore, be noted that MIS exists it organization in order to help them achieve objective to plan and control their processes and operations, to help deal with the uncertainties, and to help in adopting changing or indeed initiating change.

 

Essentially, therefore, information has become a critical resource, just like energy, both of which are vital to the wellbeing of individuals and organizations in the modern world. Like energy and politics, technology is changing the ways in which information is captured, processed, stored, disseminated and used augured by Charles (2002).

 

Management Information System (MIS) is generally thought of as an integrated, user-machine system providing information to support operations, management and decision-making function in an organization Abdullahi (2004). As a matter of fact, MIS is a special purpose system useful for management in an organization. MIS is an accessible and rapid convey or belt for appropriate high quality information from the generation to its users. The heart of an effective MIS, therefore, is a carefully conceived, designed and executed database. Its level corresponds to adaptive decisions. As a result, Management Information System (MIS) enhances the administrative process and the operations and decision-making power of an organization. This explains why standard and digitalized information processing devices such as the computer, word processing and inter-net are highly welcome by organizations across the world.

 

Management Information System (MIS) helps management in effective planning, organizing and controlling its workforce to achieve desired results. It therefore, means that the ineffective utilization of Management Information System (MIS) can result in low and poor quality production by workers. Also implies that Management Information System (MIS) is a necessity for successful management which could adversely affect the productivity of workers if not properly managed.

 

Kotler (2006) in a simpler manner defines Management Information System (MIS) “as a planned system of the collecting, processing, storing and dissemination of data in the form of information needed to carry out the functions of management. In a way it is a document report of the activities that were planned and executed”. In other words, Management Information System (MIS) is an integrated user machine system for providing information to support the operation of management analysis and decision making function, which utilizes computer hardware’s and software’s as well as manual application for its procedures.

 

Despite the utilization of Management Information System (MIS) in its various forms there still seems to be some problems that infringe on the effectiveness of decision-making by managers and the productivity of employees in an organization. this includes issues bordering on monitoring the system perhaps as a result of limited numbers of departmental managers and supervisors or their exit and also non-qualitative factors like morale of workers, attitudes of workers to work as well as the lack of flexibility of Management Information System (MIS) to update itself, thus calling for an investigation to provide needed balance Akinola (2003). Management Information System (MIS) seeks to know the motive for work and to find ways by which their realization can be helped and encouraged. This service has a dynamic aspect of management Saogy (1989).

 

 

1.2 Objective of Essay
The main objective of this essay is to examine the impact of Management Information System (MIS) on effective human resources in an organization.
Other…

 

 

 

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EFFICIENT CORPORATE IMAGE MANAGEMENT AS A STRATEGY FOR ENHANCING PROFITABILITY. (A CASE STUDY OF PHINOMAR NIG. LTD)

 

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ABSTRACT

Business organization in Nigeria have failed to realize the role a good corporate image policy has in business dealings. This is probably because they do not understand the concept of corporate image and necessary tools for promoting them. Corporate image, in fact goes beyond attractive products or reminding quality service, advertising paying good salary and so on. It pervades every aspect of a business concern from the least workers personality to the dialing within the organization and with larger society.
In the fact of the dynamics of our society, especially in the business world, brought about by technology, companies are faced with stiff competition that maintaining a competitive edge requires aggressive strategies. One of such strategies is efficient corporate image management and promotion.
The focus on this research work was to determine the strategies that could be employed to build and promote corporate image efficiently and enhance profit margins of an organization. A case study of Phinomar Nigeria Limited, Ngwo was therefore undertaken.
The finding revealed that:
a. Phinomar Nigeria Limited has a lay down corporate image policy though not effectively managed.
b. Strategies employed to promote corporate image are limited.
c. Response to Phinomar products is fairly high, hence it can be said to be profitable.
d. Employee welfare and work environment need improvement.
e. Phinomar needs to increase the scope of its social responsibility.
f. Phinomar need a well managed corporate image which should be reviewed periodically for improvement.
g. Customers’ response to Phinomar product is high.
h. Communication among workers in Phinomar Nigeria Limited is not adequate.
i. Phinomar Nigeria Limited lays emphasis on public relations.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE – INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study – – – – – –
1.2 Statement of the study – – – – – –
1.3 Purpose of the study – – – – – –
1.4 Scope of the study – – – – – – –
1.5 Significance of the study – – – – – –
1.6 Limitations of the study – – – – – –
1.7 Research question – – – – – – –
1.8 Research hypothesis – – – – – –
1.9 Definition of terms – – – – – – –
Reference – – – – – – – –

CHAPTER TWO – LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Meaning and history of corporate image management –
2.2 Different views and opinions about corporate image management
and organization profitability – – – – –
2.3 Different approach to corporate image management –
2.4 Corporate image management at Phinomar Nigeria ltd –
References – – – – – – – –

CHAPTER THREE – RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research design – – – – – – –
3.2 Area of the study – – – – – – –
3.3 Population of the study – – – – – –
3.4 Sample and sampling procedures / techniques – –
3.5 Instrument for data collection – – – – –
3.6 Validation of the instrument – – – – –
3.7 Reliability of the instrument – – – – –
3.8 Methods of data collection – – – – –
3.9 Methods of data analysis – – – – – –
Reference – – – – – – – –

CHAPTER FOUR – DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Presentation and analysis of data – – – –
4.2 Testing of hypothesis – – – – – –
4.3 Summary of results – – – – – –

CHAPTER FIVE – DISCUSSION, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
5.1 Discussion of result findings – – – – –
5.2 Conclusions – – – – – – –
5.3 Implication of the research findings – – – –
5.4 Recommendations – – – – – – –
5.5 Suggestions for further research – – – –
BIBLIOGRAPHY – – – – – – – –
APPENDIX I
APPENDIX II

 

 

LIST OF TABLES

4.1 Whether importance is attached to corporate image – –
4.2 Contribution of image to the organisational profitability –
4.3 Method used in maintaining goods corporate image –
4.4 Whether there are departments responsible for creation of image
4.5 Measures used in customers satisfaction – – –
4.6 Observed frequency – – – – – –
4.7 Observed and expected frequency – – – –
4.8 Observed frequency – – – – – –
4.9 Observed and expected frequency – – – –
4.10 Observed frequency – – – – – –
4.11 Observed and expected frequency – – – –

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
A company’s product as such is no longer the chief media projecting its image. Count more today is the public posture of management, its concern for consumer welfare and its visible response to imperative social and economic needs. In short, management must concern itself as much with protection as it does with profit (Harold H. Margins: 1970).

 

Every aspect of business and industry is undergoing rapid change in terms of philosophy and technology and there is more rapidly changing function of corporate management to public attitudes and reaction. In the same vein, the corporate image of any organisation has to be steer to change to correspond in response to the demands of its ever changing business public, marketing them aggressively, paying fair wages to the employees, and even paying taxes, etc. is not just enough to maintain to competitive edge. There is now economic and social responsibility that faces every business.
Perhaps it would be necessary to ask; is there any need to engage in corporate image promotion? Does promotion have effect on the returns of an organisation? Are there right and wrong ways to project a corporate image? What is the place of employee motivation, communication, customer relations, social responsibility etc. in the whole role of image promotion programme?
Margins, H. Harold (1979.7) stated, “Mass merchandising, new method of advertising, increased competition, and government regulation have brought corporate reputations into public view and cause executive to seek more favourable reactions”.

 

However, many hard headed business men do have an uneasy feeling that promoting the corporate image is little more than a perceived gesture of public good will. The critical importance of corporate image becomes apparent when consumers protest provokes, from large organization series of explanations and apologies for the faults they are accused companies must therefore give to finance. Marketing and research in the table of rapid, social and technological change. Other wise, it cannot expect the command public respect and support in the market place.

 

To live and grow, the command respect and regard, the corporate image must be more than a product of public relations. Therefore, corporate image promotion should not be left in the hands of the public relations men, but should be the responsibility of top management and every member of staff. This implies that the image programme should be part of the over all planning for the company’s future. No matter how impressive a firm’s achievements are, they must be properly presented in the public, for them to be acknowledged. Thus corporate planning is an integral part of policy decisions. For some companies, image programmes is part of board planning for greater sales and profits. This is one of the fundamental objectives of management and all its activities will be programmed to that end.

 

Staged that, “It is not an exaggeration to say that a good image is fundamental to the existence of any business enterprise. The concept of image is often considered to be an important determination of long term sales and profits. Therefore, it is reasonable to consider the use of image as an objective not only for an advertising programme but for marketing programme and an organization as a whole”. When a new product is introduced in the market, a respected corporate name often benefits from the unknown product. People are more likely to buy a new product if they know and like its manufacturer. Furthermore, the quality image of a company’s product may have considerable influence on the kind of new product the company can market successfully.

 

They identified four types of resources available to companies, system resources and intangible resources.
Explaining the intangibles, Scholes and Klem observed that “many organization have significant strength in intangible assets such as, image or brand name. The value of intangible resources should not be under rated. Infact, in many service companies, these intangible can be the key asset of the company. Potential purchase of money for this “goodwill” underlying their real value.

 

Finally, order to gain the support of its publics, the corporate image must show that management is progressing, mobile, open to innovation, fair to all and free of dogma and convention. Creating and promoting corporate personality efficiently is mainly communicating company’s objectives, beliefs, reputation and achievements to its public in order to gain their goodwill.

 

 

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE STUDY
Adequate emphasis have not been laid by firms in terms of promoting a favourable corporate image and this attitude has affected their performance in the market. More so, in the face of the prevailing stiff competition among firms.

 

The environment in which business operate is in constant change and it constitutes an important factor in that, it affects management decisions and actions. For any business, two types of environment exist. The operating environment, which may be classified with comprises economic, social, political cultural, government, technological, while internal forces comprises the top management employee, task forces and public environment which is made up of the firms several public.

 

For an organization to remain in business, it has to help to shape its environment because of the rapid change that the organisation’s operating environment undergoes.
Apart from the influence of the environment, the image of the firm is another factor that requires consideration. The type of image, which an organization projects is an important determinant of its long run existence and performance. There are strategies that have to be developed and adapted creatively to achieve organizational goals. From management’s point of view. Without a good image, an organization is not guaranteed of long life, the profit objective of the organization will not be achieved, the market share will be affected resulting to decreased sales volume, there will be employee dissatisfaction; co-ordination of work will be un-impressible and there by the organization will collapse.
The correction of the above management problems requires the application of the management’s functions of planning which involves selecting objectives and formulating strategies, policies programmes and procedures to achieve organization goals.

1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

 

 

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Inventory Control and its Impact on Profitability

(A case study of Turners Building Product (Arewa) Ltd Kaduna)

 

 

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ABSTRACT

This research work is titled “Inventory control and its impact on profitability” a case study of Turners Building Product (Arewa) ltd Kaduna. A great deal of attention has been devoted to the planning of other economic resources such as financial resources and material resources but the need for inventory control which is the most important resources that harnesses other resources has been undermined. Hence the objectives of this research is to bring to light the importance of inventory control and how it can be used to minimize wastage in organization. The importance of inventory control were pointed out in the introduction and also views of various authors concerning the topic were discussed. The survey method is adopted and questionnaire was the major instrument for data gathering. The researcher’s summary and conclusion revealed that inventory control is a tool for achieving organizational profitability.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

• Background of the study 1
• Statement of the problems 4
• Objectives of the study 5
• Significance of the study 6
• Scope of the study 7
• Research questions 8
• Historical background of the study 8
• Definition of terms 9

 

CHAPTER TWO

Review of related literature

• Definition of inventory control 12
• Importance of inventory control           16
• Control of stock by values 22
• Economic order quantity (EOQ) model 24
• Stock levels 25
• Material requirement planning MRP 27
• Cyclical provisioning 29
• Definition of profitability 30
• Reasons for limiting the extent of profitability 32
• Stock level and portability 35

 

CHAPTER THREE

Research methodology

• Area of the study 37
• Research design 37
• Population of the study 38
• Sample and sampling techniques 39
• Instruments for data collection 39
• Administration of the instruments 40
• Techniques for data analysis 40

CHAPTER FOUR

Data presentation and analysis

• Presentation of results 42

CHAPTER FIVE

Summary, discussion, conclusion and recommendations

• Summary of procedure 52
• Discussion of findings 53
• Implications of the findings 54
• Conclusion 55
• Recommendations 55
• Suggestion for further studies 56

Bibliography                                                                                          57

Appendix                                                                                               58

 

 

 

CHAPTER I: Introduction

 

1.1     Background of the Study

Inventory control is an extension of stores keeping and it has been in practice for a long time. It has a wide scope of activities today. Inventory control is an act of safe keeping some valuable items for future use and to produce them when the need arises. Inventory control goes beyond the scope of keeping and producing the items only but also involves controlling of operations, receiving, quality control activities, training of store staff, control of all store houses, stock handling as well as clerical documentation.

 

Inventory control can be defined as an art and science of achieving the objectives of inventory in an organization. It involves planning, organizing, staffing controlling and co-coordinating all the inventory operational activities for the provision of efficient services. Inventory control is a serving center and the services to be provided must be meticulously handled, more organized to meet the demand of all units or department that constitute the organization for optimum performance. The primary function of inventory control is to provide for efficient inventory and handling of goods to be redistributed to the ultimate user, this activity when carried out with the use of Information Technology (I.T) will make re-ordering of materials easy as the information are already in the computer. The use of information technology in controlling of inventory eliminates time wastage. This provision of services to the operating function must be fully appreciated. All other activities although they have their own relative importance are subordinate to this primary responsibility. The above central objective can be analyzed as follows:

1. To make available a balance flow of raw materials components, tools, equipment and any other item necessary to meet operational requirement.
2. To provide maintenance materials spare part to general stores as required.

• To receive and issue work in progress and finished products.

1. To accept and store scraps and other material as it arises.
2. To account for all receipt and issue of goods in the store.

 

Thus in any institution, private or public, some substantial amount is spent on the acquisition of materials, equipment etc. which are kept in the store house for future use. These items represent an equivalent amount of cash and have to be looked after, protected against unauthorized usage, until they are used for the intended purpose and duly accounted for.

A lot of costs are associated with keeping of inventory despite that; we must however hold stock to meet production needs and sales needs. This is because if we do not hold stock in sufficient quantity we stand the risk of running out of stock and incurring all the cost associated with stock out. Therefore, for an organization not to have the above mentioned problem it is important that they strike a balance between carrying too much stock (over stocking) and carrying too little stock (under stocking). The importance of profitability cannot be overstated, because that is the reason why organizations are in business, if inventory control is carried out properly, there will be increase in production and sales thereby increasing profitability for the organization.

 

Therefore, this study attempts to find out how inventory control can be effectively used to reduce time wastage, theft, obsolescence and pilferage in the organization so as to achieve their goals of profitability.

 

 

 

1.2     Statement of the Problem

Empirical research has shown that the study of inventory control or administration started late, unlike the study of other fields of human endeavour, such as medicine, engineering, and law, accounting and public administration to mention but few. This is not to say that it did not exist at all but this field has not attracted people as the belief that anybody can work in that area (inventory). Every year organization prepared and implements one type of economic policies/budget whereby a large sum of money is spent on acquisition of materials without making and adequate planned effort to provide for inventory facilities. These lapses coupled with improper stock control system and lack of trained personnel account for the ineffectiveness of inventory function in the public and private sector.

 

One is baffled to see that things bought for use such as capital equipment are left in the open during training reasons in which the outcome is usually deteriorated materials, a waste of effort and money.

 

Inventory control has problems in general, especially in area of discrepancies, theft, fraud, obsolescence, deterioration and breakages. All these constitute a great loss to the establishment coup

 

 

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ANALYSIS OF FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOW PRODUCTIVITY OF NIGERIA WORKERS IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR

(A CASE STUDY OF NBL 9^TH MILE CORNERS NGWO)

 

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ABSTRACT

The research on the factors responsible for low-productivity of Nigeria workers in the private sector with particular reference to Nigeria Breweries 9^th mile corners Ngwo Enugu State was intended to determine how to increase productivity in Nigerian economy. In conducting the research reference was made to related literature.  Questionnaires were also used for collection of data for the study. Other forms of data collection were also used e.g. personal observation and consultation of textbooks. It was not all that easy, so there were some limitations which in one way or the other affected the findings of the research.

Tables were used to present, analyze and interpret the data. At the end, findings based on the data and other consultations revealed that, factors like breakdown of machine and equipment, poor management, high rate of labour turnover and lack of production goal cause low productivity .

Recommendations and conclusions were made based on the findings in order to help solve this problem of low-productivity in Nigeria workers.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background of the Study

1.2     Statement of the Problem

1.3     Purpose of the Study

1.4     Significance of the Study

1.5     Scope /Limitations of the Study

1.6     Research Questions

References

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1     Meaning and Nature of Productivity

2.2     Origin of Low Productivity in Nigeria

2.3     Review of Related Literature

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Research Design and Methodology

3.1     Research Design

3.2     Area of the Study

3.3     Population of the Study

3.4     Sample and Sampling Technique

3.5     Validation /Reliability of Instrument

3.6     Method of Collection

References

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     Presentation and Analysis of Data

4.1     Presentation of Data

4.2     Interpretation of Data

References

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0     Discussion of Results and Findings

5.1     Findings

5.2     Conclusions

5.3     Implications of the Findings/ Recommendation

References

Bibliography

         

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The issue of low productivity of Nigeria workers has in recent years been a matter of grate concern to the nation. The rate at which productivity grows is influenced by two things: –

(i)      The rate of society’s demand and the rate of inflation.

Increased productivity is very vital for the health of the country because it will help to improve the conditions of the environment, enhance security and improve the standard and quality of life of the citizens. This is why David Ricada in his study of population said that food needs to grow at a geometrical rate in order to meet the demand of the growing population. This emphasizes the need for increased productivity.

 

Yesufu T.M. (1962) was of the view that productivity can be defined as the ratio between output and all the resources used in production i.e. capital, labour, raw materials etc. the most efficient use of all available resources. With these definitions; One may ask why is the Nigeria worker inherently characterized by low-productivity in spite of all government’s efforts to improve the economy and the ever increasing need for improved productivity? The answer to this disturbing question is vital and will be answered and discussed in this study.  Increasing productivity is a way of increasing the ability of people to do what they want, to do as well as achieving a higher standard of living for all suffering from low income and in boosting the prosperity of the overall Nigeria economy.

 

 

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

          Nigerians have so much complained about a low productivity of Nigerian workers. Even workers themselves have also been worried about their own level of productivity. Some of them believe if one’s output is high, it will motivate one much towards working harder and thereby increasing productivity, as high output makes one to be satisfied.  Nigerians cannot withstand the competition in the world market; this is also attributed to low- productivity especially in the industries in the private sectors. This is because; most of the product used in Nigeria is manufactured by them. In other countries their level of technology is high so their productivity is usually high and as such they do well in international market.  It can now be seen that low-productivity is a general issue in Nigeria and also a big problem in Nigeria and it adversely affects the economy. Nigerians are faced with several hardships in the country. Low-productivity of our industries is one of the notable causes of this.  It makes cost of many products to be high as many people want to buy the few available products. This study will therefore find out the factors responsible for this low-productivity in the private sector of the Nigerian economy using NBL 9^th Mile as the case study.

 

 

1.3     PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

          The depressing economic situation of things in our country led to the carrying out of this research as the bad economy can be attributable to low-productivity in our industries. The purpose of this study is therefore to find out those factors which are responsible for low-productivity in Nigeria workers especially in the private sector; from the findings the writer will recommend possible solutions. This will help our workers in the industries to increase their performance and thus help to improve the standard of living and the general economy of Nigeria.

 

 

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AN EVALUATION OF DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL IN THE LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS (A CASE STUDY OF OANDO PLC ENUGU)

 

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ABSTRACT

This research was motivated to appraise the evaluation of distribution channel in the logistics management of petroleum product using Oando plc as the case study.  There was a problem of the tendency of distribution of those petroleum products to the Northern & Southern which effect to a scarcity of the product in other areas of the country.  On the contrary to the problems of this research work, an objective came to be as to ascertain whether there is an effective and efficient distribution of petroleum products, all round the country. In the process of solving and pursuance on the problems and the objectives, both primary and secondary data were sourced.

The targeted respondents were mainly the managers, staffs and customers were statistically determined for the purpose of both questionnaires administration and personal interview.  In organizing and presentation of data collected, tables and percentages were used and various hypothesis were tested using chi-square.  The tests of the hypothesis made the researcher to concluded that Oando plc cannot improve on the distribution channel in the logistics management of petroleum product in our country, as the critical value was greater than the expected value on both tests.
The study reviews some finds which made the researcher to recommended that government should set some security agencies that can militate against perpetrator that vandalize the pipeline and other unscrupulous person (s) that engaged in similar act he believes if carefully implemented will go a long way to shortening the various problems.
                                     

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

1. 1. Background of the study
   2. Statements of the problem
   3. Objectives of the study
   4. Significance of the study
   5. Research questions
   6. Formulation of hypothesis
   7. Scope and limitation of the study
   8. Definition of basic terms

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW

1. 1. Definition of channel system
   2. Management of logistics/channel system
   3. Conflict in channel management
   4. Co-operation by channel participants
   5. Channels of distribution in petroleum products
   6. Factors affecting petroleum products
   7. Managing marketing channels of petroleum products
   8. The benefits of using efficient channel

System as a Means of Distributing Petroleum Products
References

 

CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

1. 1. Research design
   2. Area of study
   3. Population of the study and sample size
   4. Instrument used
   5. Validity of the instrument
   6. Reliability of the instrument
   7. Method of data collection
   8. Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA.

1. 1. Summary of the results and findings
   2. Testing of hypothesis

 

CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

1. 1. Discussion of the result
   2. Conclusion
   3. Recommendation, suggestion for further research bibliography

Appendices

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION:

This chapter consists of details of the topic under research.  Here the background of the study statement of the problem, objectives and significance of the study will be revealed along with research question so as to enable the researcher know what the research work is all about.

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
As a result of petroleum products being the major exporting product among others, of our country.  Our country solely depends on it as the highest percentage revenue on the overall percentage of the total exportation products or items.
In the 1979s after the civil war, Nigerians have Agricultural products as the dependent product in both domestic and international uses.  But today due to greater lucrative of this product all over the world, abandoned the former for the latter.
As the uses is universal, the extractive regions which are at South east and South west encountered a difficult impact to be supplied or distribute to various areas of other regions of the country, due to mainly mismanagement and other opposing factors.  The transportation of this extracting products from the originated area to the refinery was a great problem in the country, because of its form bulky and channel of distribution.
The government then employed foreign bodies to refine this product in order to reach to the hook and of the country.  The refinery built and managed by government admitted a foreign firm to have a part in the refinery for the bases of their services as regards to importation.  Still not adequate as the dealers divert this product to their own perspective regions where they expect to dispose it in a high value. At times, this petroleum products i.e. fuel, kerosene, diesel, bitumen to mention but few do change totally the generic colour used to it to another unpredicted colour thereby caused a harm to human body.  These dealers were formerly the staffs of one firm and another for years, left their various perspective offices for the marketing of these products thereby formed one organization and another to impose the prices on this products.
The region that is basically not interested in the use of this product by their majority because of their belief or customs has low cost and optimal quantities than other regions. From the facts, it becomes clear that if the left cream of the nation is to be feasible accordingly, a great percentage or rate of the standard of living would have been a something if smile to the populace.

HISTORY AND BUSINESS OF THE COMPANY (OANDO)
The company commenced business operations as a petroleum marketing company in Nigeria in 1956 under the name of “ESSO West Africa Incorporated” a subsidiary of Exxon Corporation of the United States of America.  In 1969, the company was incorporated as ESSO Standard Nigeria Limited, and in 1976, the Nigerian Government acquired all of ESSO’ s shareholding interest, thereby fully indigemising the company whose name was subsequently changed to Unipetrol Nigeria Limited.  It became a public limited liability company in 1991, when the federal government divested 60% of its shareholding to the general public, and was quoted on the Nigerian Stock Exchange in February 1992.  In 2000, the Federal Government divested its remaining 40% shareholding in the company, 30% of which was acquired by ocean and oil investment limited whilst the balance of 10% was taking by the Nigerian Public. In 2002, the company acquired Agip Petroli International BV’s 60% shareholding in Agip Nigeria Plc (Agip) and subsequently merged with Agip to become the second largest player in the downstream petroleum marketing industry.  In December 2003, the company announced the launch of “Oando PLC” its new corporate identity to signify the creation of a proudly West Africa brand.  The new corporate identify and branding exercise portrays the values and brand essence of the company service excellence, performance – driven, dynamic and progressive, consistent quality experience and proudly West African.

 

 

 

1. 1. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Petroleum products have a numerous problems on logistics management on its distribution, it is the only and major exporting product of our country,  which is disposed in a high rate to another country thereby expect the citizening to do the same the tendency of distribution channel to the Northern and Southern regions of the country is much more sufficient than other regions, which causes scarcity of the product in these areas.  Some quantities of these products are being diversified to other different stations for a tremendous income, impact on hoarding which reveals the control is not effective. Many of the distribution channels are being vandalized by unscrupulous individuals in the area which stagnantly affects its distribution and transportation.  Moreover, there is weights and measures on the quantities of this petroleum products making the dealers to have different prices of disposing this product in their various areas.  Finally, the Boards that deals on the marketing of this petroleum products (NUPENG, PENGASIN, etc) do impose some requisitions from the federal government which may not come forth, affect its distributions.

 

 

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