AN ASSESSMENT COMMUNICATION DEVELOPMENT THROUGH INTERNET CONNECTIVITY (A CASE STUDY OF SELECTED INTERNET UNITS IN ENUGU METROPOLIS)

ABSTRACT

This study carefully examined the assessment of communication development through internets connectivity in Nigeria. It points out that internet is not a panacea to the development of communication rather it is helped to remove constraints attached to the rural development

Internet communication therefore bridges the gap between professionals involved and rural people through initiating interaction and dialogue.

To accomplish this work the research was looked at the data used in carrying out the research where as the random sampling technique was adopted. The population used for this study comprised of one thousand people in Enugu metropolis with sample size of ten percent (10%).

Primary data were collected by means of well- structured questionnaire which assisted in arriving conclusion of this work.

Above all the informant of communication via manual has reduced and now replaced with communication which has turned into digital.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title Page

Approval

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Table of contents

Abstract

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction 1

1.1     Backgrounds to the Study

• Statement of problem
• The purpose of the study
• Scope of the study
• Research question
• Significance of the study

CHAPTER TWO

• Literature review

2.1     The need for awareness for the building of computer

• Benefits derived from the use of computer
• Enabling environment for computer application
• Summary of related reviewed literature

CHAPTER THREE

• Methodology

3.1     Research design

• Area of the study
• Population for the study
• Sample and sampling procedure
• Instrument for data collection
• Validity of instrument
• Method of data collection
• Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULT

DISCUSSION OF RESULT

• Discussion of result
• Conclusions
• Implications of the research result
• Recommendation
• Suggestion for further research
• Limitations of the study

Reference

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The assessment of communication development through internet connectivity brought about development to the world and also Nigeria as of the third world nations.

Stein B.I.C Director of FAO Research extension and training division commented that internet is not a panacea for the removal of constraints to rural development   but it does bring new information resources and car open new communication channels for rural communities. It other a means for bridging the gaps between development professionals and rural people through initiating interaction and dialogue new alliances, inter-personal relationship networks and cross- sectional talk between organization. It car create mechanisms and sharing of knowledge.

Rural communities represents the “last rural of connectivity” challenge in both developing countries and developed countries with regard to access to infant service and the telecommunication connections that help transient those service.

Infant was properly designed to help communication education   and industrial innovation of the past country.

Innovation of the past country:

It can be found in a basket ball sized 184 found attempts to calm the public outcry after the lunch of the Russian satellite in full of 1957 president Eisenhower created a government agency to centralism federal   research and development. This new department would be called the advanced research projects agency or ARPA. The development of network technologies them followed a convoluted path as the focus of ARPA was redefined by a series of directors finally in 1965 Robert Taylor, the head of ARPA’s information processing techniques office became frustrated by the lack of uniform operating would and the inability of several computer terminus to communicate.

When Taylor was back in the office   mean while scientist such as Paul Barari Leonard Klein rock and Donald watts Davies had began developing theories   about networking. After working individual all three scientist reached   the same consensus information must travel a network in the form of “packet” bits of information containing data from a larger fill and labeled with their origin destination and location in the file. During a conference at Ann Arbor this information became available to the scientist money ARPA. By utilizing this technique of packet switching and a system of interface massage processors” which standardized the signals from the computers to the network)

ARPA created the first network of computer using   existing phone lines- it is called ARPA net from the strain of one increasingly popular application E-mail. The solution in the form of TCP/P, which was designed by Bob Kahn and visit self in 1970 with the introduction of TCP/IP, the “global network” that formed the internet became a reality.

The internet communication is created to serve the people in order;

1. to enhance their chance of speed communication and fast development in the global world.
2. it also allowed the new world technologies wide web to go beyond test or even images.
3. it has become a vast library of media easily accessed by the average citizen.
4. it for whatever reason people must connect and share information that is why it is stated by Taylor that computer as an extension of the user and network as an extension of the computer that is why it ecome a way for that interaction to occur.

For more clew visit: < http: www. W3. Org / history. Html or <http // www.pbs. org / opb/ nerds. O I />

In Nigeria today communication through internet is not that much because of the components required for the project. But in Africa Nigeria is rated for the third country that has launch internet in 27^th September 203. The remote sensing internet which was launched in Nigeria is not for communication but it made for search and focus finding and retune to day in Nigeria we have achieved enough benefit and development through the internet communication.

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THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

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THE IMPACT OF USING CELEBRITIES IN TELEVISION ADVERTISEMENT (A STUDY OF PEPSI SOFT DRINK IN BENIN METROPOLIS)

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ABSTRACT

The focus of this work is on the impact of using celebrities in television advertisement. Thus to ascertain whether celebrities in adverts enhance sales is the prime motive/factor in the execution of this research. Chapter one looks at the introduction rationale of the study and the scope.

Chapter two focuses on the sources of literature,, and the review of related literature, especially, the postulations of Thomas C.O. Guinn et al 91998:286) Naresh K. Mathotra (1996:744), William Wells et al (1995:7) and other scholars were reviewed. The summary of the review was also hiched.

The research methodology, sample size and research instrument were the focus of chapter three. The survey method was employed, sample size was 120 respondents while the questionnaire was used as the instrument.

Chapter four deals with the presentation and analysis of data simple percentage bar chart and table were used to present the data. Further, the data was thoroughly analysed and used to test the hypothesis. It was thus upheld that; consumers are more likely to purchase a product when a celebrity endorses it.

• An advert campaign tends to be more successful when a celebrities is used.
• Adverts featuring celebrities would succeed more when the celebrities excel in its’ professions.

Consequently, chapter five concludes that an advertisement featuring a celebrity is not a waste of money some areas for further research are also suggested.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of content

CHAPTER ONE

• Background of the study
• Statement of the research problem
• Objectives of the study
• Significance of the study
• Research question
• Research hypothesis
• Scope of the study
• Operation definition
• Assumption
• Limitation of the study

CHAPTER TWO

2.0    Source of literature

• Background
• Theoretical framework
• Advertising and the television medium
• Celebrities and advertising
• Impact of using celebrities in advert
• Danger with celebrity usage
• Summary

CHAPTER THREE

• Research methodology
• Research design
• Sample size
• Instrument
• Data collection
• Data analysis (techniques)
• Expected result

CHAPTER FOUR

• Introduction
  • Presentation of findings
  • Analysis of findings
  • Discussion

CHAPTER FIVE

• Summary
• Recommendation

Bibliography

Appendix

 

CHAPTER ONE

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Advertising according to Sovee and Arens (1986:9) is a

marketing; communication; education; economic and social function. This view expatiates that advertising as a marketing function plays a promotional role of products and as an economic function, reduces distribution cost while sales and profit increase. Most advertising proponents have concurred with the above view.

Notably, advertising uses the mass media as a link to reach its vast audience. However, this research its vast audience. However, this research zeroes in on the television medium. Dr. Joseph R. Dominick (1993:390) stated that in 1990 about $130 billion was spent on advertising in the United State alone with the television medium accounting for 22 percent behind newspapers with the largest share of 25 percent. The implication deducible from the figures is that television is an influential and widely used medium of advertising with almost a universal reach. This is because it was audio and visual materials to its advantage. However, television is beyond the reach of most small scale companies because of its expensive our time.

Interestingly in the advertising world, a phenomenon has over two decades gain ascendancy – the use of celebrities. Celebrated musicians, sportmen and film stars appear rampantly on advertisements to endorse either a product, idea, or service, or to testify about it.

It is supposedly believed by large manufacturers that with celebrated personalities endorsing their products the public perception of such product may improve, thereby leading to sales increase. These assumption is made by this researcher sequel to the torrential amount of Naira/dollar lavished on many a celebrity.

Guardian (January 2^nd, 2000: 49) stated that Nigeria’s

international footballers, Nwankwo Kanu and mid-field maestro Austin Okocha each got a multi-million naira endorsement deal with seven-up bottling company producers of pepsi soft drink. With this deal Kanu would promote the company by wearing the blue outfit on Pepsi during sessions of interview, social and official outings. Also reported was that other Nigeria stars including Emmanuel Amunike Falcos’ Ann Chiefine, Patience Avre, Florence Omagbemi and Mercy Akidi have endorsement by seven up Plc. Non plussed by the staggering income celebrities earn through endorsement deals, one may subjectively conclude that appearances by celebrated personalities in an advertisement go miles in enhancing increase in sale.

 

 

TELEVISION AS AN INSTRUMETN OF EDUCATIONAL ADVANCEMENT IN ENUGU STATE

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of television educational programme on children. One hundred and eighty respondents were randomly selected for the study in Enugu Sate and questionnaires were distributed to them. To accomplish this task, the following hypothesis were tested.

H1:    Educational Programmes stimulate interest of school children in education,

H2:    The timing and suitability of educational programmes on NTA channel 8 to children in Enugu State

H3:    Visual aids used in educational programmes are sufficient to enhance understanding of educational programmes

H4:   educational programmes on television are more effective in educating school children than academic activities in the school.

The tabularized and percentage statistical technique was used to test the above –formulated hypothesis.

After a carefully analysis, it was discovered that three of the formulated hypotheses received statistical support while the remaining one upheld the null hypothesis.

Based on the above findings, the researchers recommended among other things, that there is need for N.T.A. Channel 8 Enugu to bring back to our television educational programme that will improve the standard of the education in the state.

The researchers also suggest that for a more valid appraisals of this research a similar study should be carried out in other parts of the country.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
• STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
• PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
• ASSUMPTION
• LIMITATION OF STUDY

CHAPTER TWO

• REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
  • THE LITERATURE REVIEW
  • THEORIETICAL FRAMEWORK
  • SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPTER THREE METHODOLOGY

• RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
• RESEARCH DESIGN
• RESEARCH SAMPLE
• MEASUIRNG INSTRUMENT
• DATA COLLECTION
• DATA ANALYSIS
• EXPECTED RESULLTS

CHAPTER FOUR

• DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
• DATA ANALYSIS

CHAPTE FIVE

SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION FOR FURTHER STUDY

• SUMMAY
• RECOMMENDATION

BIBILOGRAHY

QUESTIONNAIRE

CHAPTER ONE

INTROUDCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Education in Nigeria today, has assumed a very important position in the country’s development programme. This accounts for the introduction of the universal free primary education (U.P.E.) in 1976 and the establishment of new primary, secondary and post secondary schools all over the country.

Education could be defined in various ways. In a very broad sense, education includes every agency, which enables an individual to master his physical and social environment of which he is a member. But for the purpose of this education wlll be defined as an organized and formal instruction, which is given in educational establishements such as schools, colleges and universities.

Education has an important role to play in the economy of a nation. The most important economic function as that of ensuring that the nation’s need for a labour force is satisfied.

However, formal education in Nigeria is no longer confirmed to education establishments only. The mass media have, in recent times, taken a held and positive step towards enhancing educational development in the country. An example is that Enugu State Broadcasting (ESBS)

Mass media communication comprised   the institutions and techniques by which specialized groups employ technological devices, that is the press, TV, Radio, Film ETC, to disseminate information to large heterogeneous and widely disperse audience.

This study is particularly concerned with TV and its contribution to educational advancement in the country especially Enugu state.

Television Broadcasting was first established in Nigeria (indeed Africa) on October 31^st 1956 in Ibadan, by the their government of the western region of Nigeria.

This station now called Nigeria Television Ibadan (NTA Ibadan) was run as an aim of the former western Nigeria government Broadcasting corporation initially under the trading name western Nigeria Radio services limited, in partnership with oversees rediffusion limited of U.K

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THE ROLE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN ACHIEVING COMMUNICATION EFFICIENCY IN NIGERIA

 

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ABSTRACT

This global modern technologies in the nineties had been such a glaring and widely exciting experience. This leaves no body even a Thomas in doubt of what situation and trend will look like even as we are now in the 21^st century.

Expectedly, there will be an era of complete and total information revolutionary Age. This period which is entire world finds themselves how is a peculiar and highly sophisticated communication age that is characterized by a “Net-compact technology”.

In this topic of study , the role of modern technologies in achieving communication efficiency, its very unfortunate and most painful that as the rest of the world are now in the modern information technology, Nigeria and in fact the whole of African continent is still so abysmally bondaged and far from this information paradise and communication age. This study aims at assessing critically the function of modern technologies in the course of acheving efficiency in communication in Nigeria.

One can therefore review that the contention was that instead of moving ahead with others, we had decided to go backwards and abysmally into the remote ancestral enclave of our fore fathers.

The statistical instrument used in deriving the sample size is the questionnaire which was distributed randomly to some students in tertiary institutions, civil servants and also some communication executives.

Nigeria needs to be in line with modern technologies in the race towards achieving efficiency in communication. And therefore, it recommended that Nigeria government should start to support some information and communication programmes and projects which will be capable of turning round the communication culture turning round the communication culture to the yearnings and aspirations of Nigerians.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE

DEDICATION

APPROVAL

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS

1.8 ASSUMPTIONS

1.9 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

REFERENCES

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 SOURCES OF LITERATURE

• MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN

THE FINANCIAL MARKET

• THIRD WORLD LEADERS; FEAR AND OPINION TOWARDS

THE MODERN TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 RESEARCH METHOD

3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN

3.3 RESEARCH POPULATION AND SAMPLE

3.4 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES

3.5 MEASURING INSTRUMENT

3.6 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

3.7 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS

3.8 EXPECTED RESULTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

4.1 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.2 DISCUSSION ON RESULTS

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION

5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

5.2 CONCLUSION

5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDIX I

APPENDIX II

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The key to success in the global technology is to celebrate technology the global technology is to celebrate technology rather than hide it away and to really start developing it where nothing has been done “Masayuki Kukokowa (Japanese).

This new or modern information technology I networked or webbed information. This metamorphic transformation points increasingly to practical terms, a global information technology.

It is best described as a new millennium. It is compact, sophisticated, revolutionary, goal-oriented and to sum up, a complex but cherishable culture of the new society. BILL GATE as a giant in the present information technology ushered in the webbed information global phenomena. The west as well as the North have shown tremendously a growing wave and crave for information revolution.

Nigeria has remained in an abysmal trance and has steadily watched the rest   of the world being ahead of her in the present dispensation. Improvement takes two things, creativity and experience. What this study emphasize is the place of modern technologies in achieving communication efficiency and argument for our critigue is not whether Nigeria has shown any interest in modern technologies but the extent to which these modern technologies have helped in achieving communication efficiency in the new millennium. When a retrospect is made, I easily recall that communication got its name from the Latin name “Communis” meaning show commonness. This further implies an exchange of ideas, values, thinking and orientations among people from different geographical, political, economic, social, cultural, religious and then lingual expressions.

The history of communications and information technology dates back to Shakespearean “ACTADIURA” and plausible information invention. Successively and very glaring, society is dynamic and so is the communication word. The parries primitive Egyptian technologist become the “IN THING” crude as it was, it served the same purpose any other model can serve today.

Gutenberg came and endowed the world with letter and printing presses. It was an era of a blood based catalytic information outreached and development. As society continued to grow, move and move horizons were exposed and humanity (technologists) availed themselves of the opportunity and then as far   back as 1859, a Reverend gentleman by name Henry Townsend after looking for a better way to reach the illiterate interior Nigeria societies established the first Newspaper, “IWE-IROHIN’. A paper for the Egbe and Yorubas. The transformation continued through the electronic media channels; Television, Radio and others. Thus, the present millennium where the internet operations, digital phones, keeping compact systems, cellular mobile systems, computerized data-base information inventions, e-mails, Fax-technologies which take the domain of the global information is to only exciting but interesting. T.W. Kang-a Tokoyo based business consultant noted that “The real purpose of the new information technology is to increase efficiency and competitiveness.

THE ASSESSMENT OF NIGERIA PRESS COUNCIL AS A REGULATORY MECHANISM FOR NIGERIAN JOURNALISTS

 

ABSTRACT

In any academic pursuit all over the world, there must be situations and reason which could propel a research or project of this nature.  This same thing applies to this project which was tentatively researched and written in order to help students who may want to inquire more on the role of the Nigerian Press Council as a regulatory machanism for the conduct of journalism practices in Nigeria.

The Nigerian Press council though not performing quite to expectation in regulating journalism practices can also play the role of making sure that individual rights are not fringed upon by journalists in the course of covering analyzing and interpreting of issues as they affect the people.

The study on this project topic was based upon the premise that the press perform a vital function in the society as it relates to educating, entertaining, informing of people in order to build a society where its citizens knows their right and enlightened to be able to meet up to the challenges of this modern world.  There is as doubt this project handy as they go further in gaining more knowledge on this topic.

 

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

1.1       Background of the study                                   1

1.2       Statement of the research problem                 4

1.3       Objectives of the study                                               5

1.4       Significance of the study                                  6

1.5       Research Questions                                         7

1.6       Research Hypothesis                                        8

1.7       Conceptual and Operational Definition           10

1.8       Assumptions                                                      11

1.9       Limitations of the study                                     11

CHAPTER TWO

• Literature viewed                                              13
• The media as a watchdog                              18
• The assessment of the Nigerian Press Council 21
• Summary of the literature view 23

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.1    Methodology                                                      26

3.2    Research Method                                              26

• Research Design 27
• Research Sample 27
• Measuring Instrument 27
• Data collection 28
• Data Analysis 29
• Expected Result                                             29

CHAPTER FOUR

• Data Analysis 30
• Result 41

 

CHAPTER FIVE

• Summary 43
• Recommendation for further studies 44

References                                                                  46

Bibliography                                                                 47

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1,1    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The world is a global village through information link of the media.  A society without the media the is dead, that is to say that the media play a vital role and these roles include to educate, inform, entertain the public on the happenings in the society, to enlighten and to mobilize, etc.

The media had played these vital roles creditably, especially in this inception of new political dispensation.  In an attempt to carry out these functions to the masses, the media had made use of various medium of communication with development as its goal.  The media in question are the electronic and print media.  In electronic medium, we have the radio and television and in print sector, we have Newspaper and Magazine.

In view of the above developments, all these media cannot function effectively without a regulatory body, which controls their activities and affairs as it relates to journalistic practices in Nigeria.  This gave birth to the press council.  Press council, therefore is an institution that is closely associated with the maintenance of the freedom of the Press and which also protects the liberty of individuals from being infringed upon by the media men.

The Nigeria Press Council was inaugurated on December 29, 1992 after a long chequered and bumpy journey.  This journey began over 30 years ago when the need for self-regulatory mechanism in the practice of journalism in Nigeria gained currency among practitioners and public spirited individuals alike.

Although the practice of journalism had been established long before some Nigeria other leading professions, it lacked any self-regulatory mechanism that would have won for it due recognition with attendant prestige of a body that had rendered loyal service to the nation.  However, an endless acrimonious debate over the fun, scope and functions of the envisaged press council had bogged and delayed its inauguration.

The quest for a press council got an added momentum when the Federal Government set up the Ekineh commission on the future of Nigerian Press in the late 60’S.  right from the then, media professionals began a more converted move for the establishment of a press council.  According to the speech made by the then Newspaper Proprietors Association of Nigeria (NPAN) Alhaji Lateef Jakande during the annual general meeting in Benin in 1972, he said, “I think we have talked so much about the press council that it would be appropriate for us at this meeting to take action.  In this connection, the ball is in our court.  The public wants a press council and the government is willing to legislate.  So with this the Nigerian Press Council was established.

On the other hand, the press council consist of Nigerian Union of Journalist (NUJ) Nigerian Institute of Public Rlations (NIPR), Nigeria Bar Association (nBA).

The council decree is aimed at promoting high professional standard for the Nigeria Media and to deal with complaints emanating from the members of the public about the conduct of the media and journalist in their professional capacity, or complaints from the media about the conduct of persons or organization towards the media.

The council has the function of researching into contemporary media developments and engaging in updating media documents.  In all ramifications, the council is charged with reviewing developments likely to restrict the supply, through the media of information of public interest and importance or likely to prevent media access to information and advising on measures necessary to prevent or remedy such development.

 

1.2    STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

These are many envisaging problems facing the press council today in the society and these problems are:

1. That working journalist should not allow a body composed or non-journalist to serve as arbiter between them and the government.
2. Because of the lopsided of appointment of non journalist into the council, working journalists felt that if there is any crisis, these non journalists will work against them.
3. The Nigerian Union of journalist prescribed a different standard for admission into the council while the council thinks otherwise.
4. The Nigerian Press Council is empowered to protect the right of Nigerian journalists in the lawful performance of their duties but working journalists said, it is a right/true that the body that projects their right is NUJ as a Professional body and a union.
5. The decree establishment the Nigerian Press council said that the body is autonomous. But how can a body which is established be autonomous, the federal government rejected this challenges to make sure that journalist regains the glory in the eyes of the people.

 

1.3    OBJECTIVE THE STUDY

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