THE IMPACT OF THE ELECTRONIC MEDIA IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF ENUGU STATE BROADCASTING SERVICE ENUGU)

 

ABSTRACT

 

The Enugu state broadcasting service (ESBS), Enugu like other electronic media in Nigeria has been carrying out its communicating function of informing educating, entertaining, persuading and public enlightenment, advertising and other social programmes to the people of Enugu state and beyond. In this study I employed the social scientific methods of questionnaire survey and indepth interview method to draw inference to my work.

The work is divided into five chapters. Chapter one introduced the electronic media and the guide on handling the topic including the significance rational of the study. The chapter two had literature review which x-rayed the summary of related literature review. Chapter three explained the research methodology used to study the topic. The research, which included the questionnaire and survey method and interview. Chapter four shows the data presentation and summary of result finding which are made relevant to research question. Chapter five finally handle the discussion, implication, recommendation, discussion and conclusion.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of content

 

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction
• Background of study
• statement of the research problem
• the objective or purpose of the study
• the scope of delimitation of the study
• research questions
• significance/rational of the study
• Research hypotheses
• definition of terms
• theoretical frame work

 

chapter two

• review of literature
• concept of economic development
• History of electronic media in Nigeria
• summary of related reviewed literature

chapter three

3.o    research methodology

• Research question
• population of study
• sample and sampling procedure
• Instrument for data collection
• validation of the research instrument
• Reliability of the research instrument
• method of administration of the research instrument.
• data analysis

chapter four

• data presentation and result
  • demographic data presentation and  result
  • date presentation and result findings

chapter five

• conclusion and recommendation
  • Conclusion
  • Implication of result
  • Recommendation

Reference

Appendix

Questionnaire

Organigram of ESBS, Enugu.

 

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The electronic media which is the focus this study comprises the radio and television. The sophistication of these media of communication distinguished them as the wonders of modern communication.

Just as the twentieth century dawned, a system was perfected which electromatnetic impulse could be sent through the air without wires carrying voice transmission over long distance.

Electronic media are the machinery or an institution used for simultaneous transmission of information to a wide and divergent audience. Although the electronic media are channel for which information is transmitted to the audience through the different types of media, yet they represent the attempt of man to relate to and interact with other men. It is clear to note that communication has been enhanced nationally and internationally with the use of technology. Mr. E.N. Aniabona in his contribution to the impact of broadcasting in a developing context has this to say about electronic media” Electronic media are powerful and effective instruments for achieving national goals such as widespread education for both children and adults in other to realize the set down objective in economic growth, healthcare, political and social awareness, political stability self reliance and national identify among other things”.

Electronic media are aimed at presenting programmes like news, drama, interview, health and family planning religious programmes and agricultural programmes.

The electronic media include the radio, the television and the Cinema. Our focus is on the radio, as the first source to which people tune to for the latest development in time of war or crises. We look on radio during announcement of annual budget by the head of the state governor, according to Gulgleime Marconic “Radio a potential means of supplementing telegraphy, the most important long distance communication medium of the late nineteenth century”. Radio was the most popular entertainment and news medium. To a degree, the radio receiver was the center of the home and family activities frequently revolved around the broadcast schedule. The average station schedule had something for everyone from news and commentary through variety and comedy, to religious discussion, sports and children’s programme.

 

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THE EFFECTS OF PRIVATIZATION OF THE ELECTRONIC MEDIA IN NIGERIA

 

ABSTRACT

The issue of elections media privatization has been in constant debate in Nigeria.

However, the last military Administration of president IBRAHIM Babangida took the bull by it’s horns when in 1992, the decree on privatization of media was promulgated.

It is to state the obvious, that privatization of electronic media will give room for competition leading to efficiency which has an over-all effect on improved content and quality of broadcast as presently witnessed in the young private television station at Obasi in Anambra state.

No doubt, the Nigeria economic standard has reached to the state where it must have alternative television and radio to build and maintain healthy growth and expansion of the enterprise.

This study is aimed at finding out the effects of privatization of electronic media i.e. Radio and Television, through library research method and direct interview survey method, targeting experts in Mass Communication, political scientists, practicing journalists, undergraduate, students of mass communication etc.

Considering the present economic state of the nation. These and more will remain the core of my study in this treatise. I will like to know the effect media on government owned and controlled media and the reactions of the experts, political scientists, practicing journalists and other enlightened audience on this new development.

Despite the various reasons advanced by monopolization of the apologists, the pressure for private participation and ownership of electronic broadcast media persisted and is now upheld.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Preface/ Abstract

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction
• History of electronic media in Nigeria
• Why government monopolized electronic media
• Statement of research problems
• Hypothesis
• Scope
• Purpose of the study
• The importance of research
• Definition of the terms

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Literature review

2.1     Summary of literature review

CHAPTER THREE

• Research methodology
• Research design
• Population of the study
• Data collection
• Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

• Introduction to data analysis
• Analyses of hypothesis

CHAPTER FIVE

• Summary of conclusion
• Recommendation
• Bibliography

References

Respondents

CHAPTER ONE

1.1     INTRODUCTION

          It is a common belief that mass media play unquantifiable roles in matters of public interests, public opinion and formation of attitude.

According to a study carried out in 1969 by Simpson Etal, on the “effectiveness of the mass media and other channels of communication in Lagos; they found that “radio proved to be the most effective means of communication information to the people living in Lagos, and that radio is significantly listened to by both the rich and the poor alike in Lagos, Nigeria.”

Many people have equally written to bare their minds on the media of electronic media in Nigeria.

In the light of these therefore, the effects of privatization of electronic media in Nigeria, should not be either over or under stressed. This is because, the privatization of the broadcast media no doubt have far reaching effects on both the people, and those engaged in the operation including the government.

Some of these effects are positive while some are negative. However, before discussing these effects, let us stress here that in any country where the media ownership and control are vested on either the government or group of individuals, the media tend to act as megaphones for these in control, instead of performing their primary functions of informing, educating and entertaining the masses. This situation has been the bare of most countries of the world, particularly, in the developing nations such as Nigeria.

In spite of the above assertion, the Nigerian government over the years has exclusively stuck to the ownership and control of the broadcast media; advancing some reasons for their action, chiefly among which are “national unity”, internal security and need for developmental journalism in the country.

Whatever, the public spirited efforts and mounting pressure by the exports and wealthy individual entrepreneurs (informed by the need for industrialization and commercialization of the media). Over the years on the authorities for wider dissemination of information, the federal government yielded to this noble idea and in 1992, under then military administration of president Ibrehim Badamosi Babangida, a decree was promulgated empowering private participation in the electronic media: radio and television precisely.

 

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THE IMPACT OF RADIO NIGERIA PIDGIN ENGLISH NEWS AND COMMENTARY PROGRAMMES ON THE ENUGU STATE AUDIENCE

ABSTRACT

This project work centers on the impact of radio Nigeria pidgin English news and commentary programmes on Enugu urban audience .

The study in aimed at finding out if pidgin English has made any impact on the resident of Enugu urban and whether or not they preferred news in pidgin English to news in standard English .

This work is divided into five chapters with each of chapter dealing explicitly with the issue at hand .

Table of contents

Title page

Approval

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of content

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction

1.2       Background of the study

• Statement of the problem
• Significances of the study.
• Research question.
• Conceptual and operation definition.
• Limitation of the study.

CHAPTER TWO

• Literature Review

2.1     Sources of literature

2.2     The review

CHAPTER THREE

• Methodology

3.1     Research design

3.2     Research sample / population

• Date collection

CHAPTER FOUR      

• Date analysis

4.1     First research question

4.2     Second research question

4.3     Third research question

• Interpretation and discussion

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 Summary and conclusion

5.2 Recommendation for further studies

Appendix

References

Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Pidgin is a mode of speech that is not peculiar to native language, but which can be demonstrated to have developed from at least one’s such languages.

They are only a supplement of the categories of vernacular and standard English.

More so, one medium of communication which the modern man cannot imagine himself without is radio broadcast medium.

As soon as we wake up in the morning we want to know what the time is to make sure that we were keep to the day.

Before we finish our morning toilet the radio offer us a few tiredly pop song to cheers us up at that early hour of the day.

While eating our breakfast, we learn what happen at home and abroad , and what expected to happen today .

And before we lock the door to go to work , we overhear the whether report – so we had better return to take an umbrella .

The radio inform entertain comfort, talks and plays pleasant melodies for us at every hour of the day without disrupting our attention nor disturbing us while doing some manual work. On the contrary, household chore and cooking are done quicker when listening to radio .

If the book is said to be mints good friends it applies perhaps are more to the radio .

In all regions of the world, radio is to be the most ubiquitous of the mass media . Here in the developing countries, radio is said to be the only medium that can really be labeled “mass” , where a large proportion of the population can be reached by radio broadcasting and possess the means to receive them .

No other medium now has the potential; to reach so many people efficiently for information education cultural and entertainment purposes .

Radio can be used easily and economically to reach outlying regions for communication in many vernacular – often unwritten language existing in developing countries .

What is today known as the federal radio corporation of Nigeria [FRCN] started in 1932, when Britain launched its empire broadcasting experiment .

Lagos was selected as one of the centers for the reception and local re-broadcasting corporation [BBC] programmes. In 1937, the post and telecommunication department established a wireless station in Lagos to achieve this objectives.

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THE MASS MEDIA AS CHANNEL FOR CREATING AWARENESS AND MOBILIZING PUBLIC SUPPORT (A CASE STUDY OF THE NIGERIA TELEVISION AUTHORITY, CHANNEL 8, ENUGU)

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY]

DISTINGUISHING FEATURES

STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

HYPOTHESES

CONCEPTUAL DEFINITIONS

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

ASSUMPTIONS

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

CHAPTER TWO

SOURCES

REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

SUMMARY OF RELATED LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH METHOD

RESEARCH DESIGN

RESEARCH SAMPLE

MEASURING INSTRUMENT

DATA COLLECTION

EXPECTED RESULTS

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

CHAPTER ONE

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

• INTRODUCTION

Generally, all mass media organs in all established societies are expected to fulfill certain responsibilities and these obviously would include creating awareness and mobilizing public support towards governmental or public oriented programmes. Television, as a mass media organ, is equally expected to fulfill these functions as well.

First of all, it would be necessary to explain what television as a medium of mass communication actually is.

According to Janowitz, (1968) mass communication comprises the Institutions and techniques by which specialized groups employ technological devices press, radio, films, television etc. to disseminate symbolic contents to large, heterogeneous and widely dispersed audience, and television being an organ of mass communication employ technological devices to disseminate symbolic contents as it were to large, heterogeneous and widely dispersed audience.

How has television as a medium of mass communication been able to fulfill one of its responsibilities, the mobilization of public support, and the creation of awareness among the people has the Nigeria television expectations through its programmes? Both the federal and state governments have programmes that obviously require public support that would make it possible for them to realize their expectations. Programmes like the War Against Indiscipline, Environmental Sanitations, need to go back to the farms, payment of taxes, improved health services all require the support of members of the public for its success.

One is not left in doubt as to the importance of television if these expectations of those in government are going to be realized.

The NTA, Enugu has a number of programmes and jingles that are specifically aimed at creating awareness and then mobilizing public support towards these programmes of both the federal and state governments. In the words of Mr. Jerry Ugwu of the NTA Enugu.

“Ours is to get the people think along with the government through our programmes and jingles, I think the people are responding positively”.

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VIEWER SHIP OF TELEVISION PROGRAMME IN ENUGU STATE (CASE STUDY OF IMT STUDENTS)

ABSTRACT

This research work was carried out in order to find out what the students of IMT Enugu thinks or feels about television programmes in Enugu State. The research also attempted to look into other people’s work related to the research topic.

During the research, the students of IMT were used as the case of study, questionnaires were the major instrument of study. Random sampling method was applied to obtain the portion of the population on whom the instrument were administered. Responses were analysed based on percentage. Furthermore, the significant problems and questions for this research were spelt out in order to help, uphold or reject certain assumption. The data collected from the questionnaires made it possible for the researcher to get the answers to the questions which for long has been agitating my mind. It was noted that television programmes have great impact on human behaviour.

The study was able to find out actually what the students of IMT think or feel about the positive or negative effect towards television programmes in Enugu State. The research also made recommendations on what should be done to make our television content more result oriented and interesting.

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

Statement of problem

Research questions

Significance of study

Purpose of study

Limitation of study

Delimitation

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review

CHAPTER THREE

Research methodology and design

CHAPTER FOUR

Data presentation and analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

Conclusion and discussion

Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

This study centres on the viewership of television programmes by the students of IMT in Enugu North Local Government as the case study. It has a double aimed.

Firstly, it is in behavioural pattern of the students toward television programmes one of the outstanding features of the media communication is composition of the audience. The audience of television is highly nitrogenous with members having several distinctive characteristics, different interest and they and scattered in all over the nation with different socio-economic strata. Based on the heterogeneity of the audience, it is obvious that views differs among members of mass media audience while some use a particular station programme others depend on the other.

Some may want to watch entertainment programmes while some might prefer thoughtful vital programmes like news, current affairs, commentaries or documentaries depending on their likes. One of the plans in which an audience is active is through the use of selective exposure. It is the tendency of accepting to express yourself to communication that goes with your own value system, attitudes and view point. The concept of self selective exposure helps the active audience to control what he watches, to what he listens to and read, selective reading and listening are the function of selective exposure.

You can buy the newspaper of your choice, and you can also watch the movie you like, you chose from many television programmes and radio, and if you find yourself watching something you do not like, you can tune to another channel. Different views have been presented in an attempt to determining why people watch television programmes. This can be identified with the following selective exposure which selective perception, selective retention and selective interpretation and the escapism.

 

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