Tag Archives: project topics and materials

Banking And Finance Project MateriaLS PREVIEW

THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN EXPORT FINACNING IN NIGERIA FROM 2006 –2012

Leave a comment

THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN EXPORT FINACNING IN NIGERIA FROM 2006 –2012

(A CASE STUDY OF FIRST BANK OF NIGERIA PLC ONITSHA BRANCH)

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

ORDER NOW

COMPLETE MATERIAL  COST  N2,500 Or $10.  FRESH  PROJECT MATERIAL  COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

CALL OUR  CUSTOMERS CARE  OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 1 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

ABSTRACT

 

 

The primary objectives of this study was to examine how the financial institution export finance in Nigeria using First Bank of Nigeria Plc Onitsha branch as a case study. In carrying out this study, I used survey method in which I used the questionnaire to collect data. The target population was the staff of first bank of Nigeria Plc Onitsha Branch from which a sample of 80 was drawn. I used research questions and formulated research hypotheses. The relevant literature was reviewed for the study. The data were collected, presented analyzed and hypotheses tested using chi-square. At the end of the study a number of recommendations were made for further studies and on how to improve the Nigeria financial export in Nigeria and how to encourage the institutions for expansion and modernization.

 

ii

 

 

 

TABLE CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

  • Background of the Study:……………………………………………………….3

 

 

  • Statement of Problems:.………………………………………………

 

 

  • Purpose of the Study:………………………………………………………

 

 

  • Significance of the Study:………………………………………………

 

 

  • Research Questions:………………………………………………………………8

 

 

  • Formulation Hypothesis………………:…………..……………9

 

ii

 

 

 

  • Limitation of the Study:……………………………………………………

 

 

  • Definition of Terms :…………………………………………………………

 

 

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

 

 

  • Mexim Annual Statement of Account of 1999

 

 

Foreign  Sources  ……………………………………………

 

 

  • Sources of Finance  For  Export  …………………

 

 

  • The role of Financial Institution ………………………..………………18

 

 

  • Factors Militating  Against  Export

 

 

  • Historical Background  to  Export  F

 

 

  • Policy Instrument:…………………….…………………………………………

 

 

  • Duty Draw  Back/Suspension  Manufac

 

 

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

 

 

  • Area of  the  Study  :……………………………………

 

 

  • Population of  the  study:………………………

 

 

  • Sample and Sampling Technique:…………………………………

 

 

  • Instrument for  Data  Collection  :…

 

ii

 

 

 

  • Validation of  the  Instruments…..…

 

 

  • Distribution and  Retrieval  of  the

 

 

  • Method of Data Collection and Analysis:……………………………..…35

 

 

  • Analysis:………………………………………………………………

 

 

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

 

 

  • Finding and Discussion of Finding Questionnaires

 

 

Distribution………………………………………………………

 

 

CHAPTER FIVE

 

 

  • Summary of findings, conclusions and  Recommendatio

 

 

  • Summary of Findings:…………………………………………….……

 

 

  • Conclusion:……………………………………………………………..………

 

 

  • Recommendations:……………………………………………………………

 

Appendix:……………………………………………………………………

Questionnaire  :……………………………………………51

 

Bibliography  :………………………………………………………

 

ii

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN EXPORT FINANCING IN

 

NIGERIA

 

INTRODUCTION:

 

 

Financial institutions are organizations which deal basically in money.

 

`They constitute the financial framework of an economy. Financial institutions help to pool savings and excess liquidity from millions of individuals and firms within the country and make them available to those who need them for various purposes.

 

Financial institutions include commercial bank (Joint stock banks) discount houses, the central bank, saving banks, development bank (BOI), insurance companies, hire purchase companies, the national providence fund, the stock exchange building etc.

 

Before the introduction Nigeria export- import bank (NEXIM) in Nigeria as at 1999 the commercial banks were generally referred to retail bankers, while merchant banks were known as wholesale bankers.

 

ii

 

 

 

However the two operate and offer almost the same services that any line of demarcation is now rather fussy- one can only say that the distinguishing factor between the two sectors of the banking industry is that the commercial banks are members of the central bank of Nigeria (CBN) clearing house, While the merchant bank are not members of the Central Bank clearing house.

 

Another contentious factor is the licence granted merchant banks to take companies to capital market which the Nigeria stock exchange denied the commercial licensed them to do so, the introduction of the universal banking system of divide effect. A trader could approach either commercial or merchant bank for financing facility for his transactions. They can provide both short and long term facilities and can design any product which meets any requirements of customers.

 

The Nigeria export-import bank (NEXIM) was established in 1988 but commenced operations in January 1991. The bank was established to provide mainly short term financing for exporters who need working capital to buy hair activities. Among the function of the banks is the maintenance of a foreign exchange revolution fund which

 

ii

 

 

 

is to be made available as loans to exporters who need to export machineries, raw materials and spare parts to satisfy export orders. It can also consider loans involving domestic trade which are likely to assist exports.

 

  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

 

 

The banking system has been integral part of the structural reforms and it has a leading role in management of policy change. The role of financial institutions in export financing is that of a cartelist and a committed broker. It ranges from assisting company and individual on how to enter export market through financing and handing shipping document and collect export proceedings.

 

Generally an export can meet his financing needs in the following number of ways.

 

Banking And Finance Project MateriaLS PREVIEW

LOAN GRANTING AND ITS RECOVERY PROBLEMS ON COMMERCIAL BANKS

Leave a comment

LOAN GRANTING AND ITS RECOVERY PROBLEMS ON COMMERCIAL BANKS

(A CASE STUDY OF FIRST BANK PLC, OJO-ALABA BRANCH)

 

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 2500 NAIRA OR $10 , WITH THE SOFTWARE 30,000 NAIRA

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

ABSTRACT

 

This research work was undertaken to assess the Loan granting and its recovery problems on Commercial Banks. The research was intended to achieve the following objectives: To find out the several problems facing loan recovery, the effects of loan default on commercial banks and the measures that will be used in reducing the incidence of loan default. Relevant data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Questionnaires were the main primary data collection instrument employed while data from various relevant publication constituted the sources of secondary data. Upon the analysis of data, the following conclusions were drawn: That problem of loan default stemmed from the fact that there is unavailability of security to be

 

disposed by banks to realize funds. And al loan payment. On the basis of the above findings, it was recommended that commercial banks should use some risk control measures to guide against

 

loan default. Also, before granting loan, they should examine critically the project statement submitted by the customer or borrower which will help them to find out the realistic repayment pattern and also help them in knowing if

the          projects  are  realistic  based  on  the  cus

 

Central Bank of Nigeria should create a conducive environment for the successfully operation of commercial banks in Nigeria.

 

8
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page——————————————————————————– ii
Approval page————————————————————————– iii
Certification—————————————————————————- iv
Dedication——————————————————————————- v
Acknowledgment———————————————————————– vi
Table of contents——————————————————————- vii-ix
Abstract———————————————————————————- x

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

  • Background of the study

 

1

 

  • Statement of problems—————————————————————–

 

3

 

  • Objectives of the study—————————————————————–

 

4

 

  • Research question———————————————————————-

 

4

 

  • Research hypothesis——————————————————————–

 

5

 

  • Scope of the study———————————————————————-

5 —————————————————————

 

9

 

  • Significance of the Study 6

 

  • Definition of terms———————————————————————-

 

6

 

  • Limitations of the study—————————————————————-

7 ————————————————————-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER TWO

 

LITERATURE REVIEW

 

2.1   Brief introduction——————————————————————— 8

 

2.2    The nature of loan and advances granted by banks—————————–9

 

2.3   Problems of loan default————————————————————-13

 

2.4    Causes of loan default—————————————————————14

 

2.5   Effects of loan default—————————————————————-19

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER THREE

 

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

 

10

 

3.1   Research design——————————————————————— 21

 

3.2       Definition Population ————————————————————–21

 

3.3       Sample size————————————————————————–21

 

3.4       Sources and method of data collection——————————————22

 

 

 

 

3.5       Method of data presentation and analysis————————————–26

 

 

CHAPTER FOUR

 

4.0   Data presentation and analysis—————————————————23

 

4.1   Presentation and interpretation of data——————————————23

 

4.2        Data analysis and findings——————————————————–31

 

4.3       Discussion of the findings———————————————————32

 

4.4       Recovery measures——————————————————————33

 

CHAPTER FIVE

 

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION

 

5.1   Summary of findings—————————————————————- 39

 

5.2   Recommendation———————————————————————40

 

5.3   Conclusion—————————————————————————–41

 

5.4   Suggestion for further research—————————————————-42

 

Bibliography ————————————————————————–43

 

Appendix A—————————————————————————-45

 

Appendix B———————————————————————–46-48

 

11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

 

 

 

  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:

 

Virtually, every business has a credit relationship with a financial institution, especially banks. Some rely on periodic short term loans to finance temporary working capital needs. Others primarily use long-term loans to finance capital expenditure, new acquisitions or permanent increases in capital. Regardless of the type of loan, all credit request

 

mandate a systematic analysis of the borrow due.

 

 

 

Commercial banks carry on ordinary banking business with the general public, changing cash for bank deposits and bank deposits for cash,

 

12 transferring bank deposit from one corporation to another, giving bank

 

deposit in exchange of bills of exchange, providing of trustees and executo services, providing safe custody of funds and valuables as well as foreign

 

exchange remittance.

 

Though commercial banks differs from country to country, their profit and banking motives are the same. Their activities are of interest to their customers, workers (staff), and above all, shareholders. The commercial objective of the bank is to maximize profit, though other social and economic functions tends to deflect banks from profit maximization.

 

The aims and objectives of commercial banks have therefore paved way for their customers to make and obtain credits, in form of loan of which the researcher is interested in.

 

Lending has become a vital function on operation because of its direct effect and impact on economic growth and business development.

 

In a market oriented economy, there are two main participants that move the economic growth; these are the suppliers of invisible funds and the users of the funds for productive purposes. These two participants are spread widely in the economy and may not have direct relationship with each other. For this, there is the need to have an intermediary to link them up. The banking sector mobilize surplus funds from small and big savers who have no immediate need for such funds. The users of these funds are

 

13

 

the business entrepreneurs and investors who have brilliant ideas on how to create additional wealth in the economy but lack the necessary capital to execute their ideas. These groups of people approach banks to obtain loan.

 

Subsequently, lending is a risky venture which banks only engage on after a rigorous and satisfactory analysis of the project for which lending is being made. The main preoccupation of banks is extending loans to their customers. Thus, the formulation and implementation of such lending policies are some of the important responsibilities of the management of the bank. The lending policy of a bank must be specific on how much loan will be made available to whom, what period and for what reason. For this reason, lending policies should be well documented so that lending officers will be able to know the areas of prohibition and the area of where they can operate. Also, such policies should be subjected to periodic review to make the banks keep abreast with the dynamic and innovation nature of the economy as well as competing with other changing economic sector.

 

Therefore, the basic objectives of credit analysis t=is to assess the risks involved in extending loans to bank customers. In financial circle, risk typically refers to the volatility in earnings. Lenders are particularly concerned with adverse fluctuation in net income or cash flows, which

 

hinder                 the  borrower‟s  ability  to  service  a

 

with historical and projected financial data, while others such as those

 

14

 

associated                         with  borrower‟s  character  and  wi

 

directly measurable.

 

  • STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS:

 

Banks in recent times has failed as a result of loan recovery problems. Loan is the major source of bank profitability.

 

However, in going about their lending activities, banks have their own objectives among which are profitability, growth, safety, suitability and liquidity.

 

Loan, when not recovered could adversely affect banks. It is easily granted than recovered. It usually needs proficiency i.e. competency and expertise in the recovery process. It sometimes become an uphill task to recover. When they are not recovered, the impact is often disastrous to the bank. It can lead

Accounting Project Topics and Materials Preview

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL ALLOCATION PLANNING AND ITS CONTROL IN AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL ALLOCATION PLANNING AND ITS CONTROL IN AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

(A CASE STUDY OF KADUNA POLYTECHNIC)

Download our android mobile app for more materials

ORDER NOW

COMPLETE MATERIAL  COST  N2,500 Or $10.  FRESH  PROJECT MATERIAL  COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.

THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 
 GTBANK
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OUR  CUSTOMERS CARE  OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

ABSTRACT

This study examines the Federal Government financial allocation, planning and its control in an educational institution. It is aimed at proffering solutions to the challenges of allocation of funds in educational institutions. The questionnaire was used to record respondents’ responses. This is because it is effective in data collection. It was discovered that insufficient student welfare makes it difficult for some students to achieve their aims and objectives. It is also recommended that budget allocation for staff training and development should be enhanced as a tool for motivation.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

    1. General background to the study                                                 1

 

    1. Statement of the problem                                                             1

 

    1. Objective of the study                                                                  5

 

    1. Research Questions                                                                      6

 

    1. Significance of the Study                                                            6

 

    1. Scope and Delimitation                                                               8

 

    1. Definition of Terms                                                                     9

 

  1. Summary                                                                                     10

 

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE   

    1. Introduction                                                                                 11

 

    1. Brief history  of Kaduna Polytechnic                                           11

 

    1. Budget Preparations                                                                     16

 

    1. Type of budget in public sector                                                   21

 

    1. Difference between public and private sector budget                    23

 

  1. Summary                                                                                       28

 

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

    1. Introduction                                                                                   30

 

    1. Research designs                                                                           30

 

    1. Methods of data collection                                                           31

 

    1. Methods of data analysis                                                    32

 

  1. Summary                                                                                     32

 

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

    1. Introduction                                                                       33

 

    1. Presentation of Data                                                                     36

 

    1. Testing of Hypothesis                                                                  42

 

    1. Findings                                                                                      43

 

  1. Summary                                                                                     44

 

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.0     Introduction                                                                       46

    1. Summary                                                                                     46

 

    1. Conclusions                                                                       47

 

  1. Recommendations                                                             47
  2.  

Appendix                                                                                     50

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

  1. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

Higher educational institution especially in Nigeria are known for insufficient allocation of resources from government/stakeholder that set them up and other resources centers. In most instances, management of these institution fall challenges of having to apply in adequate resources to meeting the multi-dimensional objectives in producing good output. This has always been a serious process.

 

This therefore necessitate the need to draw policies that will help in the management of this facilities. Consequently there is a need to also evaluate these policies and its management in order to known its efficiency.

 

  1. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The roles and high educational institutions in achieving national objectives can best be expressed as a series of tasks which must be fulfilled.

They cannot be accomplished over night. These tasks are described as:

 

Passing on the heritage of the past.

  • When a child is born he begins a new personal existence, but he also joins an old established society. One of the roles institutions plays is to pass on to him the knowledge is very great. The present generation is deeply indebted to past generation for all past discoveries, inventions and accumulated experiences that have been handed down to them. Civilization would cease to exist if every the heritage of the past were with held from present.

In the past this heritage was past on through the family or by contact between individuals.

 

Today, the increased volume of knowledge and greater number of people acquiring it, requires extra schools in form of private institutions organized by individual and bodies.

 

Preparing for the future

  • To prepare pupils for living in the modern society, higher institutions must prepare individuals spirit, mind and body. Decent behaviour must be instilled, useful skills and healthy activities of the mind encouraged. These three things are necessary not just preparing the children for earning a living, but for coping with the problems of the society which they will soon find themselves as adult members and also putting purpose into living.
  • Education gives a satisfying purpose for all we lean and it keeps us from living a life that is purposeless and help us to show the people we teach that our labours in teaching them and their efforts at learning after for a better purpose than just making them skilled, but will help them to become man and woman of real understanding.
  • Higher institutions need to convince their pupils and student that life has purpose and education is worth while.

 

Training the Labour Force

  • Higher institution help the nation in developing low, middle and high level man power necessary for economic development. These higher institutions train a significant number of the country’s labour force such as technicians, accountants, confidential secretaries, typists etc.

The top management cannot function properly without the support of these categories of the labour force. They

Accounting Project Topics and Materials Preview

FINANCIAL CONTROL IN A COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING SYSTEM

FINANCIAL CONTROL IN A COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING SYSTEM

(A CASE STUDY OF FIRST BANK OF NIGERIA PLC)

Download our android mobile app for more materials

ORDER NOW

COMPLETE MATERIAL  COST  N2,500 Or $10.  FRESH  PROJECT MATERIAL  COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.

THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 
 GTBANK
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OUR  CUSTOMERS CARE  OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

ABSTRACT

The primary aim of this study is to check the effectiveness and efficiency of financial control in Computerized Environment. i.e. First Bank of  Nigeria Plc and to ascertain whether computer has enhance profitability and control in the bank and other financial sectors or industries.

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     Introduction          –         –         –         –         –         –         –         1

1.1     Background of the Study        –         –         –         –         –         2

1.2     Statement of the problem       –         –         –         –         –         3

1.3     Objective of the study   –         –         –         –         –         –         5

1.4     Hypothesis –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         6

1.5     Significance of the study                  –         –         –         –         6

1.6     Scope of the study –                –         –         –         –         –         7

1.7     Historical background of the case study –          –         –         8

1.8     Definition of Terms        –         –         –         –         –         –         10

 

 

CHAPTER TWO – Literature Review

2.0     Introduction          –         –         –         –         –         –         –         13

2.1     Functional Financial Control in a Computerize Accounting

System and effectiveness in First bank Nigeria Plc.   –         -14

2.2     Limitation of Financial Control in a Computerized Accounting

System in First Bank of Nigeria Plc.          –         –         –         16

2.3     Manual Bookkeeping and Electronic Data Processing –       17

2.4     Meaning and Purpose of Accounting System-   –         –         21

2.5     The Development of Computers –   –         –         –                   24

2.6     Method of Processing and application of Data in

Accounting  –       –         –         –         –         –         –         –         29

2.7     Advantage of Computerization of the accounting System    36

2.8     Limitations of Computerization –      –         –         –         –         39

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Research Methodology          –         –         –         –         –         –         41

3.1     Introduction –        –         –         –         –         –         –         –         41

3.2     Method of Data Collection –   –        –         –         –         –         42

3.3     Source of Data Collection –    –         –         –         –         –         45

3.4     Method of Data Analysis –      –         –         –         –         –         45

3.5     Conclusion –        –        –         –         –         –         –         –         46

CHAPTER FOUR 

4.0     Presentation and Analysis of Data- –                   –         –         47

4.1     Introduction                    –         –         –         –         –         –         47

4.2     Data Presentation and Analysis-     –         –         –         –         47

4.3     Data Presentations –     –         –        –         –         –         –         48

4.4     Data Analysis –    –         –         –         –         –         –         –         50

4.5     Summary of finding-     –         –         –         –         –         –         51

 

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0     Summary, conclusion and recommendation      –         –         53

5.1     Summary    –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         51

5.2     Conclusion –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         52

5.3     Recommendations        –         –         –         –         –         –         56

Bibliography –                –         –         –         –         –         –         58

Appendix:

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

In the ancient days, human activities were relatively easy. The difficulties posted by nature then, were considerably simply and demanded solutions of man and his way to solve them necessitated the inventors of machines. Since the invention of the first machines, the world has experienced a tremendous degree of advancement in technology and ones for the machine invented for solving complicated problems in the computer. With increasing frequency, it is recognized that an understanding of the computer how it influences accounting operations and it’s benefits to every accounting students and intend to work this world of advancing technology cannot be over emphasized.

Due to the recent intends in accounting operations and the complexity of these operations with the number of task to be performed constantly on the increase, today’s accountants are left with no option other than to always device ways by which these increasing tasks could be processed more speedily and accurately so that there will be no loss of information.

With the advert of computer many organizations have computerized their accounting systems, an example of such organization with computerized accounting system is FIRST BANK OF NIGERIA PLC.

 

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In the last few decades, business activities have not only grown bigger and very much complex, but things happen even faster than expected, the combination of complexity, size and faster action and reaction generated a view for new management tools, especially tools for converting the large and complex volume of business data into useful and meaningful terms to assist management in decision making.

The processing of business data and the delivery of information using there machines is known as “AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING” OR “COMPUTERISED OPERATIONS”.

The effectiveness of computer depends on the ability of the user. Inherently the computer has no creative ability than the screw-driver or any simple machine. The fundamental power is it’s ability absorb a mountain data, manipulate the data, and bring out the  results in a summarized meaningful form, quickly accurately for management use.

The entire accounting and management function started in a

Accounting Project Topics and Materials Preview

BUDGET AND BUDGETARY CONTROL AS A TOOL FOR EFFECTIVE DECISION AND PLANNING IN MINISTRIES AND PARASTATALS

Leave a comment

BUDGET AND BUDGETARY CONTROL AS A TOOL FOR EFFECTIVE DECISION AND PLANNING IN MINISTRIES AND PARASTATALS

(A CASE STUDY OF MINISTRIES AND PARASTATALS IN IMO STATE)

Download our android mobile app for more materials

ORDER NOW

COMPLETE MATERIAL  COST  N2,500 Or $10.  FRESH  PROJECT MATERIAL  COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.

THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 
 GTBANK
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OUR  CUSTOMERS CARE  OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

ABSTRACT

Budget and budgetary control as a tool for effective decision and planning in ministries and parastatals.

 

The researcher is prompted into choosing this due to the peculiar nature of the topic budgetary control in ministries and parastatals.  In this project work the definition of budget is being known as a techniques their task of planning, coordinating, directing and control in an organization.  For a government ministries to achieve their aims budget must be enlisted in Agenda.  In carrying out this project work the topic identify the objective, statement of hypothesis, significance of the problem and the limitation of the project work.

 

This project work is limited to the budget of Imo state government ministry and parastatals.  Nevertheless profit oriented organization and parastatals make use of different budget to enable them meet their desire goals.  I bid to identify those administrative probelsm personal observations and interview where made and conducted, it was discovered that budget and budgary are the key note of every successful body or organization as a result of policies not being strong enough to beat them to it.

 

Finally budget enjoys a wide application.  They can be used in our private homes where a civil servant who earns and income and plan on it.  Also the same thing is applicable to the ministries and parastatals.

 

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

Table of content

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • Statement of the problem
  • Statement of the hypothesis
  • Objective of the study
  • Significance of the study
  • Limitation f the study
  • Difinition of the term

 

CHAPTER TWO

LITERNATURE REVIEW

  • Budgets
  • Budgetary control
  • The planning and control process
  • Management by objective
  • Management by exception
  • Budgetary system in non-project secking organization

 

CHAPTER THREE

Research methodology

  • Primary source of Data collection
  • Type of primary source of data
  • Advantage of interview method
  • Secondary source of data collection
  • Type of secondary data collection

 

CHAPTER FOUR

TEST OF HYPOTHESIS

  • Budget and budgetary control in Imo state
  • Review of Imo state government budget
    • 1997 Budget
    • 1998 Budget
    • 1999 Budget
    • 2000 Budget
  • Presentation and analysis of data

 

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY OF FINDING, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • Summary of finding
  • Conclusion
  • Recommendation
  • Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Budgeting is essentially concerned with planning and can be broadly illustrated by comparing with the routine a ship captain follows on each voyage.  Before the voyage, he will plan his route, taking into account such factors as shipping harzards, tides and possible adverse weather forecast.  During the voyage he will check on his plans and record and unusual conditions.  If necessary, he may even have to leviater from his plan if prevailing circumstances require it.  On completion of the voyage he will compare the conditions he encountered with those he expected and use the experience gained in planning similar voyages in the future.

 

Budgets and budgeting control are two accounting techniques, which top management adopts to achieve its tasks of planning, coordinating, directing and control in an organsiation.  Planning is mainly concerned with the establishment of objectives the formulation, evaluation and selection of the policies, strategies factics and actions required to achieve these objectives planning was previously based on historical cost conventions.  This process increased the emergency decision which top management had to make because historical cost conventions arenot future oriented; they do not aid planning.

 

In order to reduce to management emergency decision making processes and thus aid planning, variable budgets were introduced.  This is so because managers want to know more than they have done currently in relation to last period performance, they also want to know how they have done currently in relation to their current target performance.

Control on the order hand follows closely after action has been taken.  If is a process where by actual performance is compared with targeted budgeted performance any deviations from this target are investigated for an in-depth or positive explanations to be given.  Budgetary control is the technique used for this purpose and when it is combined with budget, it becomes part of responsibility accounting the aim of budgetary control is to provide a format basis for monitoring the progress of the organization as whole and of its components parts, towards the achievement of the objectives specified in the planning budgets.

Budgets enjoy a wide application.  They can be used in our private homes where a civil servant who earns a monthly income will map out his objectives and plan effectively with what he haste achieve these objectives.  Both profit-oriented and non-profit oriented organization apply in all three tiers of government –local, state and federal.

 

Profit oriented organization use the type of budget that is output and objective oriented to enabl them know how efficient they have been in managing the resources available to them.  They therefore use the planning programming budgeting system (PPBS) budgeted expenditure is compared with actual performance achieved.  The system is based, not on traditional organizational structure and divisions, but on programmes grouping of activities common objectives.

This is in sharp contract with the type of that is used in non-profit seeking organizations like the local state and federal government agencies.  This is the lineitem budgeting system.  This method is the tradition the traditional approach to government allocation; it is oriented to expenditure and budget relates mainly to the organizations from which they are prepared not for the purpose for which money is spent.

 

  • OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study is to find how budgets and budgeting control is used as a tool