EFFECT OF STRIKE ACTION ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOL.

 

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ABSTRACT

This research work is to find out the effect of strike action on the academic performance of students in some selected secondary school in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area of Edo State. To accomplish the objectives of this research, a questionnaire was drawn for one hundred and fifty students selected in the area of study. The findings of this research revealed that:. 1. Strike is caused by irregularities of teachers salary. 2. Indiscipline of students in various schools 3. Lack of dialogue between Government and Nigerian Union of Teachers. All these result to strike actions, the effect of this strike actions is usually decreased in performance of students academic in secondary school, in the years that are strike free. This study identified the fact that persistent strike leads to low moral in both students and teachers. The following recommendations and suggestions according to the research, if taken will reduce or totally eliminate strike. 1. Attractive remuneration 2. Adequate financing 3. Adherence to collective bargaining 4. Provision of adequate education facilities and infrastructure that will enhance learning. 5. The use of dialogue in resolving conflicts

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

As a student one deserve to know what to do in the bid to enhance or explore effective performance in his/her educational aspect. It is probably pertinent to even reassure oneself about who a student is in  to be doing such as individual under discussion find himself or herself in a college, polytechnics or university setting charges with the task of acquiring knowledge, skills and trying to modify his academic performance the role of living in the midst of other colleague and getting about the acquisition of the desired knowledge which are modified and influenced by both the materials and human features of the environments. The profile for this presentation consists of consideration of the responsibilities of a student. A high light of some factors which can hinder the effective performance of the roles of the students are;

1. 1.  Hindrance of ones self social grove like gang, clique etc
2. 2.  Failure to set target to be accomplished.
3. 3.  Lack of full knowledge or sometimes disregard for school rules and regulation and the most hindrance is the NUT strike action which could be the talk on this project.     

BACKGROUND OF STUDY

This project attempts to examine the effect of strike on the academic performance of schools in Nigeria at large and Ikpoba Okha L.G.A. of Edo State in particular. The secondary school community is composed of many staff unions; strike by any of these unions has a tendency of lowering the standard of education.

In this work, attention will be paid to the impact of Nigeria Union of Teacher (NUT) strike action on student’s academic performance. This is primary because NUT performs the initial functions of inculcating knowledge on Nigeria secondary schools students. The researcher will also examine the effects NUT strike has on the quality and standard   of school leavers produced from secondary schools.

A study of this nature is necessary because education has the universal function of contributing to the perpetration of societies by transmitting ideals, values and norms from generation to generation thereby preparing the youth for active role in the society. Education also displays the value conflicts that exist between ideals and real norms that are typical of all cultures.

Fafunwa (1994) in recantation of the above facts stated that an ideal educational medium should be able to help the beneficiaries, develop the abilities, attitude and others forms of behaviour which are positive value to the society in which they live.

Ejoh (1999) also recognized that an ideal education is very important to an individual, his family, his immediate community and the country as a whole. It helps to develop his mental capability, widen his horizon and increases his job options. It is therefore important that every individual acquires basic education. Aristotle (1988) also recognized the indispensable function of education, which he stated in his book that the aims of education should include;

a.          The realizations of the capabilities and potential of individuals

b.          The development of the body  

c.           The training of the appetites which is character or moral development

d.          The development of the intellect or reason. He further hold that non of the above should be emphasized at the expense of the others

In line with the above aims and functions of education, the Nigeria government in its 1981 policy on education are the building;

1.          A free and democratic society

2.          A just and egalitarian society

3.          A United, strong and self-reliant nation

4.          A great and dynamic economy

5.          A land full of bright and full opportunity for all citizens

Presently, education in Nigeria has not been able to achieve the noble objective because it is in deep problems. Paramount among these problems is the incessant NUT strike, which has often disrupted academic activities. Many reasons can be seen responsible for these incessant strikes by the NUT. Prominent among those problems according to NUT are those of funding, lacks of autonomy and dehumanizing working conditions in trying to find a lasting solution to these problems, the long commission set up by the federal government recommended in their report a 90% funding level for next fifteen years 1992-2007.

The recommendations were adopted in the agreement between the federal government of Nigeria and the NUT unfortunately government reneged on the agreement. For instance, funding in 1996 should have been four times more than what was prescribed by the report but fell short of this expectation because of government attitude towards funding education. The economic down turn and the foreign exchange rates did not help matters. Judging from the economic down turn, the review of the agreement which government bluntly turned down. Folioing this there has been several strikes action by the Nigerian Union of Teachers since then this situation was further aggravated by the way government reacted to NUTS strike action. Instead of engaging in meaningful dialogue with the teachers, the governments sacked some and even went as far as forcefully ejecting them from their official quarters.

In addition to the humiliation, government refused to pay them their salaries and other entitlement. As a result of this, most teachers left for the private sectors while some others went to private schools in search of greener pastures. Some student’s looks to crime, while others also secured temporary employments and yet others get involve in street hawking and became juvenile delinquents. The consequence of these strike action has led to a condition fall in education standard.

The conflict between the federal government and teachers has been occurring intermittently in some state secondary schools following from this, it becomes pertinent that a lasting solutions be formed through a comprehensive research on the effect of strike on the academic standard of students. This work intends to do this by drawing government attention to the various steps to be taken in order to eliminate these problems once and for all.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS

The disagreement of teachers academics striken action is an agent of social change in an organization. Education administrations is concerned with the effect and influences on strike (disagreement) on he educational sector in particular to the social economic and political sector in general.

PURPOSE OF STUDY

The main purpose of this study is to attract the attention of both the educationist and non-educationalist to the effect of strike on the academic performance of students, and to also examine the causes of strike by Nigerian Union of Teachers (NUT). The following variables shall be examined;

a.          Poor funding

b.          Inadequate staffing

c.           Lack of autonomy

d.          State of infrastructure of the secondary schools

RESEARCH QUESTION 

  Based on the above stated problems the study shall answer this question;

i.            Is there a relationship between NUT strike action and level of academic performance?

ii.           What are some of the effect of strike action on students academic performance?

iii.         What role does the federal government play in ensuring non-insistent strike action?

iv.         How can the society at large contribute to the smooth flow of academic session?

v.          What effect does strike has on the moral status of students? 

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

       The importance of this study is to bring to the knowledge of the public; the effects of NUT strike actions on our educational system. The impact of strike on our secondary schools and the academic performance of the students by the academic staffs and the secondary schools in enhancing socio-economic and political development of the nation.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Strike action by NUT is not peculiar to some selected secondary schools in Ikpoba Okha L.G.A. alone but to all secondary school in Nigeria. This study intends to carry out a comparative analysis of 6 years performance chart of the final year students (SSS III) of some selected secondary school in Ikpoba Okha L.G.A. as collected by the examination and this study intends to carry out a comparative analysis of six (6) years performance chart of the final year students SSS III of some selected secondary school in Ikpoba Okha L.G.A. as collected by the examination and this study intends to carry out a comparative analysis of three years performance chart of the SS I and SS II students in Edo College and Niger college Secondary Schools in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area as collected by the examination and class teacher records. 

INVESTIGATION INTO THE CAUSES OF TRUANCY AMONG STUDENTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOL

 

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ABSTRACT

The purpose of this project is to deal with the problem of truancy with particular reference to influence of peer group, inadequate school materials, poor feeding at home, poor method of teaching, too much work in the morning at home before coming to the school etc. in Ikpoba Okha Secondary School Students, Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area in Edo State of Nigeria. In this project, I have tried to find out the cause of the above problem in this particular school. This project and deals with what other authors said are the possible causes and solutions to the problems. To get the actual causes of this problem, oral interviews were conducted for various groups of people in the school and the community. Some causes of the problem of the study were identified; solutions and recommendation which the reader shall come across were highlighted. If the community and the government jointly implement the recommendations given, future occurrence of similar problems in Ikpoba Okha Secondary School Students can be averted.

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

       The origin of truancy among secondary school students situated at Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area of Edo State. The schools in Ikpoba Okha are divided it names from the clan of origin in the early state, the population of the school were few but now they are vast. Today, among the students of the schools there was many truants and deviant behaviour has greatly hindered the progress of the schools generally. I have taken it up as a responsibility to find out the causes of the truancy and the way to stop the evil. This long essay on the causes of truancy is intended to take a critical look into one or the major rules that influence students to the truancy in secondary schools. Some of the truants students will go with their fellow students to indulge in watch video in their own resident.

       Justice R. A. L. Ogbobin, said that broken homes are assess to truancy. Truancy is a great danger in a discipline school possibly the whole students in the school to delinquent. This is true because students initiative and don’t at the moment realized the consequences of their delinquency. The measuring of the truancy in the secondary school students, I shall be taking a random sample of the truants find out from that the cause of truancy from their homes, schools and the society they live. It is against this research in the solution of the above measure of truancy and not far fetch. The teacher should advice the parents of the students to provide the students with adequate or requisite school materials and also let parents know the problem if causes failing to do so, teacher should not bully on the students, because hinder the students backwardness. A student should be corrected by the teacher. The government should go further to make law to punish those couples whose home are broken leaving the children to play truancy.

       It is against this background that this research work is structured to examine the factors and consequences (effects) of truancy on students of origin and destination which will be vividly focused on Benin City. I shall finally suggest suitable measures that should help to reduce the evil.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

       Over a long period of time the problem of truancy among students in secondary school a drift has been a serious one which generated a matter of concerns among scholars. This problems of truancy has militated against the goals and objectives setup by the parents and our educational policy makers for the education. the daily reduction of this students due to truancy in a school also creates a high rate of absenteeism this leads to the poor result of the students truancy can mislead some students to different kinds of crime of the following:

a.          Stealing

b.          Fighting

c.           Understanding type of activities that are worthless

d.          Using and bullying on people

In this research, my mere writing can not put a stop to the problem of truancy; but can do so by suggesting way to be carried out by the government and education authorities. A student may be naturally gifted if he becomes a delinquent in the school, he can not develop his innate potentialities to the fullest. Truancy is a common in the life of the students themselves their parents and in turn development of a nation.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

       The purpose of the study include as follows:

i.            To examine the causes of truancy in secondary school students.

ii.           To know the purpose why students exposed (indulge) to truancy.

iii.         To investigate the leading factor to truancy among students.

iv.         To put forward some recommendations on the effects of truancy in the life of the students.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY     

       The study of the causes of truancy in the society is advantageous. As the evil can easily spread as wildfire, it should be stopped to avoid many students falling into it as victims. If the evil in our school and other similar sources, the students will have the assess to perform well in school activities. Any where the clever ones have the chance to go higher. Students are exposed to the pleasure of good loves of school environment where by they interacts for the development of their society. facing the solution of these crimes like lateness to school, serving as a bus conductor during school hours, hunting birds in the bush at the time they are supported to be in school, wikll be drastically there reduced.

Finally, this study and research finding will also be significant in such a way that it will serve as a pointer to other research who may be interested in the study.

RESEARCH QUESTIONS  

a.          What are the factors responsible for truancy in secondary school students?

b.          What are the effects of truancy in the life of t he students in secondary schools

c.           Why do the students so easily get involved in truancy?

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

       The focus and the coverage of this research work is on Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area of Edo State. The choice of the area is based on that fact that the area is the researchers place of on central origin and that the research is very conversant with the area. There is no doubt because the study will give a relative and reliable picture of this situation in other similar areas of Edo State.

ASSUMPTION

       This research is designed to entertain many main and sub problems. According to P. O. Adeyomo assume that the following causes of truancy are common in the society which are:

a.          keeping in a bad company

b.          Uninteresting lesson of the teacher

c.           Teacher as a truant

d.          Lack of school materials

e.          Failures to comply with school requirements

f.            The students keeping awake near by all the right and does not get up early enough to prepare for school.

g.          Laziness on the part of school students.

Although this study is restricted to the teachers and students. Because the investigator is interested in the factors in the school. 

ASSESSMENT OF ALMAJIRI SYSTEM OF EDUCATION; IT’S IMPLICATION FOR CHILD, FAMILY AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN ZARIA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE.

 

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This study was undertaken to findout the implications of Almajiri system of education in Zaria local government of Kaduna state four research questions were answered. The instrument for the study was self designed question. A sample of 125 people in Zaria local government was drawn using simple random sampling. Data was analyzed using frequencies, percentage and mean. The study revealed among others that the Almajiri system of education has implications on most of the Almajiri in Zaria local government, the curriculum is inadequate and that leas to so many challenges facing the system. Based on the findings of the study it was recommended that government should consider addressing the feeding and welfare needs Almajirai and their mallams, infrastructural facilities should also be provided.

CHAPTER ONE

1.1    Background of the study                                             1

1.2    Statement of the  problem                                           3

1.3    Objectives of the study                                                4

1.4    Research questions                                                     5

1.5    Significance of the study                                             5

1.6    Assumptions of the study                                            6

1.7    Scope of the study                                                      7

1.8    definition of terms                                                       7

 

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.0    Introduction                                                               8

2.1    Conceptual framework                                                 9

2.2.5 Scope of Almajiri schools curriculum                              12

2.3    Impact of the Almajiri system of education on child,

family and national development.                                         20

2.5    Strategies for improving the almajiri system of education        36

2.5.1 Government  support (funding)                                    37

2.5.2 The integrative approach                                             38

2.5.3.        Private sector participation in the Almajiri system

of education                                                               40

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1    Research design                                                                 43

3.2    Population of the study                                               44

3.3    Sample size and sampling procedure                            45

3.4    Instrument for data collection                                       46

3.5    Procedure for data collection                                        46

3.6    Procedure for data analysis                                                  46

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

4.1    Introduction                                                                 47

4.2    Section A bio-data                                                        48

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1    Summary                                                                   58

5.2    Conclusion                                                                 59

5.3    Recommendation                                                        60

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.1    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY  

“Almajiri” is a hausa word meaning immigrant children in search of search of Qur’anic education. The children are sent out early in life to seek Islamic knowledge outside their environment. They are placed under Islamic teachers known simply as ‘mallam’ under whom they are supposed to learn the rudiments of the religion.

Khalid (2000), describes almajiranci as seasonal migration of school age male children from rural to urban areas in northern Nigeria in search of Qur’anic education. In this contemporary era, Almajiranci has degenerated to the extent that it has now greatly exposed the children to various types of moral or social hazards. Many of these children metamorphasize into drug addicts, dropouts, street beggars etc. they seldom go back to their villages or home towns.

The Almajiri system of education during the pre-colonial days, pupils hold with then parents for within the immediate environment from where the pupils came from (Junaid: 2004). The Danfodio revolution brought with it some modifications, the establishment of an inspectorate of quranic literacy, the inspectors reported directly to the emir of province,  concerning all matters relating to school.

Shehu (2004), states that the colonialists specifically came up with policies aimed at destroying the traditional Qur’anic schools and replacing them with the western style school. Some people in protest of ave their children in trust to the Qur’anic schools wama to go to the village or its outskirt to teach them Qur’an. It was after independence that serious efforts were made to improve the system of Qur’anic schools. Islamic scholars and organizations like Jama’atul Nasril Islam (JNI) struggled to establish and maintain the schools. Sir, Ahmadu Bello Sardauna of sokoto’ established Quranic schools in muslim localities, this effort gave birth to Ishuyyats.

1.2    STATEMENT OF THE  PROBLEM

The Almajiri pupils brought to learn the Qur’an, some dropout along the way and become a problem to the society. Most pupil withdraw due to hardship that is endured during the training, also with the growing complex nature of the society. People tend to complain at the act of begging which is becoming unpopular and unacceptable. In some cases, the very resourceful among the pupils do menial jobs (such as washing, grass cutting, farming and water barrow pushing) to earn their livelihood (Abdulkadir: 2003) Shehu (2004), viewed that the greatest havoc of begging is of how it expose the children to a number of environmental hazards psychologically it instills in the children a sense of inferiority, dependency, rejection and all sorts of negative psychological dispositions. In the social sphere their limitless movements and interactions exposes them, and in many cases gets them induced in a number of social vices, they easily come across various kinds of dangerous juvenile and adolescent peers. Indeed they come across all sorts of people and experiences in the society the good, the bad and the ugly. As juveniles, they can hardly discern right from the wrong, especially if they see people that are assured committing them. The problems mentioned above, led to my research on the ‘Almajiri system of education, its implication on child, family and nation.

1.3    OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The general objectives of this study is to investigate the almajiri system of education its implications on child, family and nation. The specific objectives are: –

i.      To access the implications of the Almajiri system of education on child, family and national development.

ii.      To examine the adequacy of the Almajiri schools curriculum.

iii.     Determine the challenges and prospects of the system

iv.     To identify the strategies for improvement

1.4    RESEARCH QUESTIONS

i.      What are the implications of Almajiri system of education on child, family and National development?

ii.      What is the adequacy of the Almajiri schools curriculum

iii.     What are the challenges and prospects facing the system

iv.     What are the strategies for improvement

IMPORTANCE AND PROSPECTS OF TEACHING SEX EDUCATION IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL

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 ABSTRACT

This project is aimed at finding out the importance and prospects of teaching sex education in junior secondary school in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. The concept of sex education, the importance who to handle the course and the enviable qualities that are expected to be possessed by the teachers who are to teach the course in schools and the effect who are to teach the course in schools is not introduced into the curriculum where highlighted in chapter one and two. The main research instrument for data collection was questionnaire, which was administered to students in the selected secondary schools. Five research questions were formulated to focus the researcher’s attention on certain issues, based on the analysis of the data collected; it revealed that the awareness of sex education will make students to be responsible to their family and the society. That it should also be taught to boys and girls, it also teaches that sex education helps to reduce the rate of fatherless babies and which the society will greatly benefit from. It was also discovered that sex education will not cause poor academic performance among students instead; it has positive effect on the moral behaviour of the student. The researcher finally discovered that sex education is highly needed in junior secondary schools. After a thorough research, findings on this topic, the researcher concluded that parents, teachers and the government should work hand in hand to help the school students of this situation.

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 

       An important but most undermined phenomenon that has ploughed the society for many years is sex education. This phenomenon is so complicated that people have different view about it. These differences bring tolerance in security among some while it creates problems in some other ethnic groups where discussion of sex is taboo.

       Sex education is one of the major determinants of future stability in families of any nation. It is a comprehensive and systematic development programme extending from infancy to maturity. It is planned and directed to produce social and moral desirable sexual attitudes, practices and behaviour; Calder wood and Sloan (1982).

       Sex problem have had a very devastating effect on the individual in our society. Some people have wrong idea about sex education. This is not surprising considering the fact that many old people have their respective point of view about life.

        In a society where boys and girls admitted into the same school creates problem of physical problem and emotional involvement, which eventually results in arousing sexuality. This anxiety created in them; make them jump into this game of uncontrollable emotion.

       In this chapter, the researcher intends to have an overview of terminologies associated with sex before dealing with the scope of this study. Sex education is the instruction about sex and human sexuality which children are supposed to receive but many parents do not instruct their children about sex at all.

       With the greater freedom of discussion of sex in our society and the early maturity of children today. One would consider the introduction of sex education to our teenagers too early, the introduction of proper sex education to our youth or teenagers reduce many of the society problems that are facing us.

       Correct and relevant information should be given to teenagers about the changes and development they observe in their bodies during the period of maturity. The girls develop breast and pelvic bone broaden etc. these start about the age of twelve years (12) while the boys sexual organs matures, their chest widens and their larynx enlarges. This period in teenagers is very crucial in the life of an individual and many frustrations may occur during this stage such as school dropout, sexual immorality, juveniles delinquencies to mention a few.

       Gone are those days when sexual matter was hidden from children. They are expected to be given information about sex so as to break through the desire in them so that they will not go astray.

       Sex desire can lead to sexual immorality which can result to unwanted pregnancy. Most unmarried teenagers who have babies are carried away by sexual feelings and emotional desire. This can lead to abortion, sexually transmitted disease and so no.

       Religious groups and a taboo to the generality of the society consider sexual intercourse between two persons who are not married wrong. It can result to unwanted child, psychological problem for person involved.

       The need for the teaching of sex education in junior secondary school in Egor local government Area cannot be overemphasized. This is because of the influx of people from different ethnic groups into the locality. Egor local government area has not only increased in population and also in size. The need to actualize these sexual feelings becomes the evident when students are among themselves. But the forceful preventive warning of the parents only saves them temporary check on sexual tendencies amongst these youth. With the children sent to secondary schools and no true knowledge of sex education, a lot of problem easily comes into play as the students jump this game of uncontrolled emotional. As a place for the dissemination of knowledge, secondary school become the local point for introduction of sex education, since present generation involves itself in promiscuity and corruption, there is the need for them to be taught what sexual relationship is with this, a lot of changes will occur in the life’s of the students, parents and the community at large.

       According to Calder-Wood and Sloan (1982) the World War II marked the liberation of many attitudes about sex as well as the beginning of change in behaviour, leading individuals all over the world to advocate for children. The child study association of American in the 1920s led the way towards an open approach to all topics including sex education. Through more emphasis was placed on reproductive education since then, the concept has enlarged.

       Today sex education encompassed a wide range of biological, sociological knowledge. Today there is the awareness of the need for sex education in schools, churches and other institution of the growing concern over teenage pregnancy, Abortion, Venereal diseases, increased promiscuity, wide spread marital and sexual difficulties.

       Calder-Wood and Sloan (1982) both agree that traditionally, parent were chiefly responsible for the sex education of their children. Community agencies and religions bodies later joined the team but these groups of people were inadequate. Finally sex education became integrated in schools since they could reach the largest segment of the population as well as teaching sex education more objective teachers are  being trained in the higher institution of learning all over the world in order to teach sex education

Moreover, the knowledge of sex education will reduce threat of causality which would have resulted from illegal procurement of abortion by quack doctors, presently, sex education programme have been integrated into several secondary schools; education programme.

Therefore sex education should be given to children at any developmental stage because the foundation laid in the early life of the children will determine then stability and quality of their married life.

Sex education should be given to the teenagers through their parents, teachers, counselors and educators. It should also be introduced into secondary schools for teenagers of both sexes with this introduction alone, a lot of changes will occur in the life of the students, parents and the community at large.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

This study intends to emphasize the need for the introduction of sex education into secondary school and also to investigate, if sex education has positive or negative effect on students. Ignorance of sex and its problem is prevalent among secondary school students. The lives of students are shattered. With the passing of incorrect information among themselves, they get misled by others. Young people regard sex education as a fun rather than what it really is. They see it as a persona and private affair of the participants which is not really about sex education.

       The problem resulting from the lack of sex education to our youths is numerous. They are unwanted pregnancies increase in abortion, high incoherence of sexual transmitted disease and high rate of sexually promiscuity. All these have led to inability to concentrate, poor school performance, rate of school dropout, increase in illiteracy and over population, consequently, the educational opportunity of Nigerian youth is greatly affected and these posses a great lost on the society. To behavioural scientist, the introduction of sex education is proper, despite the increasing sexual problems is parents and schools are still not providing teenagers with proper knowledge of sex education.

       Many administrations have been greatly worried about the appropriate level at which sex education can be introduced. Who should teach sex education, what to teach and who to teach? It should however, be realized that sex education, if properly given does not arouse morbid curiosity but exactly the opposite to young people. The misinformation secrete, misinterpretation and fables about sex functions lead to dangerous consequences, therefore, information about sex education teaches and give an insight understanding of sex functions.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

       The purpose of this study is to know the relevance of sex education as a course in the school curriculum. The study also aim at finding out how sexual problem influence students. It would also educate the student to know that sexual relationship is an implication of sex promiscuity.

       The purpose for this study knows the positive and negative effect it has on students. It is also aimed at knowing the benefit it has on students and the society at large. It is also to seek and find out the various ways in which the teaching of sex education can be taught who to teach it and the goals to be achieved from teaching sex education.

       This study will add to knowledge especially when the study is based on sex education. With the highlighting of this study, it opens the eyes of the educational administrators and the curriculum planners to know the importance of sex education as a course to be introduced with the curriculum so as to enlighten the teenagers and the society at large.

       The outcome of this research programme will enable the readers to identify the need for teaching sex education in junior secondary schools it is hoped that through the findings, the various misconceptions on the issue of female sex education will be corrected. There can be nothing more damaging to effective sex rejection than shame, embarrassment, untruthfulness, no timidity about sex etc.

       Solving the issue of sex education teaching in junior secondary school in Egor local government area will go a long way in improving on the health of every individual or students school performances, population growth and therefore improve the standard of living in the society.

The research questions that are required for the purpose of this study include the following:

1) Is sex education relevant as a course to be taught in education?

2) Are there trained personnel to handle the course?

3) Of what benefits is sex education to the pupils, students and the society at large?

4) What effect will the introduction of this course have on the moral behaviour of the students?

5) Will the introduction of this course make student become juvenile and dropout from schools?

SCOPE/DELIMITATION

       A study like this embraces all areas but the researcher cannot cover all the scope therefore, the researcher selected three (3) secondary schools in Egor local government area of Edo State and a sample of teachers in the selected schools and parents. Sex education is a very broad topic. It is necessary for everybody not just student or adolescents, however. This is limited to the teaching of sex education in junior secondary school curriculum. 

EVALUATION OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN ABUBAKAR GUMI COLLEGE. 

 

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This research assessed guidance and counseling service in Abubakar Gumi College, Sabo Kaduna. Efforts were made to assess the conditions the quality of the available counselors and awareness created in the students. The results showed that the Guidance Counselor, through qualified, is not efficient and adequate. The guidance programme is poor organized with no facilities such as guidance counseling offices, large enough for group counseling libraries, computers, and shelves etc. students also do not show any interest in the programme since their interests were not aroused. All of these shortcomings have contributed to student’s poor academic performance in both internal and external examination.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

CHAPTER ONE: Introduction

Background of the study       –      –      –      –      –      –      –      1

Purpose of the study      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      2

Significance of the study       –      –      –      –      –      –      –      3

Research Questions –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      5

Scope and Delimitation of the study     –      –      –      –      5

 

CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review

Introduction    –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      7

Concept of guidance and counseling     –      –      –      –      8

Disparity between Guidance and counseling         –      –      –      13

Brief History and development of guidance and

In Nigeria Counseling     –      –      –      –      –      –      –      16

Review of Guidance Practice of the National

Policy on Education        –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      18

Need for guidance and counseling in Nigeria school            –      21

The school guidance service   –      –      –      –      –      –      27

Problems militating against effective guidance      –      –      33

Strategies for improvement of Guidance counseling     –      38

Previous research findings on guidance counseling       –      –      40

Summary of the chapter       –      –      –      –      –      –      –      42

 

CHAPTER THREE: Research Methodology     

Introduction    –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      43

Research design     –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      43

Area of the study    –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      43

Population of the study –      –      –      –      –      –      –      44

Sample and sampling procedure    –      –      –      –      –      44

Instrument for data collection       –      –      –      –      –      –      45

Instrument for Data       Analysis – –      –      –      –      –      –      46

Validity and Reliability of instrument     –      –      –      –      46

 

CHAPTER FOUR: Data Presentation & Analysis

Introduction    –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      47

Summary of Data   –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      47

Presentation and Analysis of Data –      –      –      –      –      48

Discussion of Results     –      –      –      –      –      –      –      53

 

CHAPTER FIVE:    Summary, Conclusion, Recommendation and Suggestion

Introduction          –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      57

Restatement of the problem  –      –      –      –      –      –      57

Summary of procedure   –      –      –      –      –      –      –

Major finding         –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      58

Discussion and findings  –      –      –      –      –      –      –      59

Summary and Conclusion to the chapter      –      –      –      –      63

Recommendation    –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      64

Recommendation for further study-      –      –      –      –      –      65

Reference              –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      66

Questionnaire         –      –      –      –      –      –      –      –      69

 

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

It has been very glaring that Guidance and Counseling has been lacking in our educational system, until recently, this discipline has been grossly omitted in the system. Due to the absence of career guidance, many students have not got the proper skill to function effectively in the world of work. A good number of students have not been able to examine their potentialities and attempt to find career that will bring them job satisfaction; this may be attributed to either not Listening to a guidance counsel or not receiving counsel at all. It is therefore imperative to expose out students to various methods or ways of choosing the right career, this cannot be over emphasized. It has been discovered that most schools do not have a functional guidance and counseling rather what exist is a miniature office occupied by teaching staff who offers skeletal guidance occasionally to students a wall as still teach his/her complete weekly periods, hence not having time for the guidance and counseling services.

 

In view of this schools are encouraged to have a solid and functional guidance and counseling programme being headed by a qualified counselor to meet the individual needs of the students.

 

Abubakar Gumi College, Kaduna is situated in the South of Kaduna in Chikun Local Government within Sabo Locality.

 

The school is fairly a large one with a population of approximately two thousand, eight hundred students hence, it obviously needs the services of more than one qualified guidance counselor, to meet the guidance needs of the students. As a staff of the school. I do agree that there exist a guidance counselor but of course this study will determine if it is continuously functional, how qualified and adequate the personnel is.

 

Purpose of the Study

The research is designed to examine and avert the various problems associated with students studying courses that find no relevance to our society, hence the need to enquire whether the students had no form of guidance while in secondary school. Specifically, this study.

1)   Investigate current Guidance and counseling programmes practiced in our secondary schools with specific reference to Christ Ambassadors’ College.

2)   Ascertain the extent to which the available guidance counselors engages in the programme as well as the extent to which students actually makes use of the available guidance counsel.

3)   Identify strategies for improvement and promote effective guidance counseling programme in our secondary schools.

4)   Identify strategies for improvement and promotion of effective guidance counseling programme in our secondary school.