TOPIC FRAUD IN NIGERIAN BANKING SYSTEM

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ABSTRACT

This project with a paramount objective to finding dependable solution to the problems of fraud in Nigeria is justified by the need for true banking system in Nigeria, restoring the customers confidence in the bank just to mention but a few. The choice of African International bank ltd (ATB) as the case study wasn’t taken fortuitously but an obvious one due to its oldest, highest and growth, capacity and so ideas and experience pertaining to the topic.
Data for this research were collected many through the use of interview. Data collected were analyzed using the simple percentage method of analysis, more so, the chapter one of this work introduces the topic as well as the background, chapter two review the related literature review, chapter three touches the research design and methodology, Chapter four all about the findings discoveries, in chapter five I concluded as well as suggested some points the will and ½ further research.
TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRUDUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
1.3 PUROSE/OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 DEFINITION OF FRAUD
2.2 CAUSES OF FRAUD IN OUR FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
2.3 PERPERATORS OF BANK FRAUD
2.4 CONSEQUENCES OF FFRAUD
2.5 PROPOSED INVESTIGATION
2.6 TECHNIQUES OF FARUD CONTROL IN BANKS

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METROBIOLOGY
3.1 SOURCES OF DATA
3.2 LIXATION OF DATA
3.3 METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 FINDINGS

CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
5.1 RECOMMENDATION
5.2 CONCLUSION
BIBLOGRAPHY.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRUDUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
The banking system in Nigeria from 1993 till data has been characterized by diverse mismanagement resorting from so many factors ranging from volume of capital to bank reserve in made of transaction, bankers/customer relationship and on the human factor frauds which have till date been threatening the corporate existence of the banking system in Nigeria (AKIN TNDE: 2002,P34).
‘Fraud as the subject matter of this project, is not a very helpful term, its essential meaning is “dishonesty” but generally fraud as also implies a measure of at least attempted concealments and certain an intention to gain on the part of the defrauder (Okeke: 200,P.1). Fraud is such wide spread corruption involving humorous and repeated acts that have characterized cased of public scandal. It is impossible to give definite fraud for the number of frauds perpetrated in the banking system. Most cases probably go undetected and those reported are often difficult to measure.
Fraudsters capitalize on certain loopholes in the banking system to manipulate figures thereby increasing fraudulent practices in Nigeria banking system. It is due to this increasing trends of frauds in the Nigeria banking system that has inspired us to undertake the study, that is
a) To identify the causes of frauds in Nigeria Banking System.
b) To point out the dangers of frauds to our economy.

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Without mincing words, fraud is the problems. We shall see in the course of this work, the causes of fraudulent activities in the Nigeria banking system. Banking meaning the act of receiving, keeping and safeguarding money and other items of utmost security while fraud is an act of deceit of person(s) by person(s) in other to make money and the likes, illegally. Having understood these two key words, we shall now see some to the problems of fraud fraudulent activities in the highest order as regards our banking system

AN EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF COMMERCIAL BANK LENDING ON SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN NIGERIA

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Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF T HE STUDY
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
1.6 DEFINITION OF YEARS

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY
3.1 SOURCES OF DATA (SECONDARY SOURCES ONLY)
3.2 LOCATION OF DATA
3.3 THE METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 FINDINGS.

CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCLUSION
5.1 RECOMMENDATION
BIBLIOGRAPHY

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It is certain that Nigeria is endowed with a lot of natural resources. These resources to mention but a few are skel, crude oil, natural gas, Iron ore, palm oil, ground nut yam, cassava etc. these resources found the major export earning before the era of independence an generate 80% of our then total revenue the precolorual era could be regarded as era of substance economy. Each community then was noted for one particular raft or the other some families were known as either artists or blacksmiths on their craft as their source of livelihood ad they were operating as subsistence level fermi (1984)

As a result of increased population and increased demand for these service, there were efforts to increase specialization an efficiency by these craftsmen it worth knowing that there was little or capital intensive Because of this lack of capital intensive, production possibilities curing the precolonial, the federal government did not free movement towards the upliftment of the
industries. The economy under the precolonial, the federal government. What merely existed was the cowry monetary system. Hence, the luck for efficient and effective monesed economy did not exert a concrete influence on economic activities. To foster the industry, there was the introduction of banking system which facilitated granting for credit facilitates e.g. loan and advance (Nwosu 1984)
In post independence economy, the government made no remarkable impact on small-scale industries establishment. The federal government in order to protect the small-scale industries (SSTS) In the country introduces the structural adjustment programme (SAP), which was design to exhibit reliance. It allows the SSTS to g row without unhealthy competition with the foreign goods, as it discouraged the importation of raw material that can be preceded locally.

The measures introduced to boast the growth small scale industries (SST’S) include the establishment of national economic reconstruction fund (NERFUND) and the small and medium enterprises (SIGE) fund which is

manned by the CBN. Inspite of these effort by the government, the SSE’s are still struggling to liberate themselves from financial arises the small scale industries (SSI’) tends to differ among countries and individual
The central bank of Nigeria (CBN) create guidance to commercial and merchant bank for this purpose therefore, small scale enterprises shall include cottage industries and defined as enterprises who cost excluded cost of lend but including working capital does not exceeds N10, CBN (1994)

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
It is obvious that much is gained economically and otherwise form the establishment of small-scale industries in any economy, Nigeria as a case point should not be an exception. This present economic situation in the country in such that one need to wonders above the small-scale industries. These are many commercial bank today in Nigeria shall be complete monetary in native for the survival of the economy.

Presently, the small-scale industries are very much dependants on commercial
banks funding for effective growth. The government in recognition of the need to eradicate the funding problem of small-scale industries has stipulated a lot of rules gathered towards adequate funding of the small-scale industries.

The research is interested in

The Role of Nigeria Agricultural Co-operative And Rural Development Bank on Nigeria Economy.

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

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Chapter one
Introduction
Background of the study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Significance of the study
Limitation of the study
Chapter two
Review of literature
Chapter three
Research design and methodology
Sources of data
Location of data
Method of investigation
Chapter four
Findings
Chapter five
Recommendation and conclusion
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Banking in Nigeria has gone through very dramatic changes within this decade the industry has grown beyond optimistic expectations. Over the period, the number of banks expanded, the variety of banks increased, banking operation were substantially deregulated, competition increased and banks were forced to be more innovative and service oriented.
Nigerian Agricultural, co-operative and Rural development bank (NACRDB) COME IN AS A Financial Institution which provides medium and long term credit for the creation or expansion of agricultural, commercial and industrial enterprises of the Economy. It is mostly established by the government.
In Nigerian Economy, agricultural sector is among other sector which is very central to it’s economic growth and development. It play very vital role in the economy by providing food, increasing domestic savings, providing foreign exchange earnings, employment, providing raw- materials for the industrial sector, as well as improving the gross domestic product of the country.
Before NACRDB was established, several other measures had been taken by the government to encourage agriculture in the country, but they all failed the economy. It is in search for an efficient agricultural financing institution that these Nigerian Agricultural, co-operative and Rural development bank came in
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Nigeria Agricultural, co-operative and Rural development bank have been identified as a catalyst for a meaningful economic transformation. Herein are among other things, the problems of the bank.
1. Inadequate finding: development financing demands a huge capital out lay but the finance available to the bank is relatively small when compared to the competing needs.
2. Misconception of bank loans: most beneficiaries of development finance feel and wrongly too that the funds borrowed are part of their Nonrefundable share of the national cake.
3. Too extensive duty: The combination of the duties performed by three different institutions by one bank seems too difficult a task for the bank.
4. Inadequate data: NACRDB lacks statistics and information for effective planning

THE ROLE OF BANKS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN NIGERIA.

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

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ABSTRACT
This project work has critically highlighted the compact of the Role of Banks International Trade in Nigeria, the problems affecting the Role in Banks in international trade in Nigeria have been identified and how they can be controlled is also includes in the study and ways to solve them are inductive in the study.
This study also examines the lapses and recommends some viable points (s) that can also contribute to the image of the industry.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction: ——————————————————————-
1.1 Background of the study: ————————————————–
1.2 Statement of problem: ——————————————————-
1.3 Objectives of the study: —————————————————–
1.4 Research question: ————————————————————
1.5 Assumption of the study: —————————————————
1.6 Scope of study: —————————————————————–
1.7 Significance of the study: —————————————————
1.8 Limitation of the study: ——————————————————-
1.9 Definition of terms: ————————————————————-
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.0 The role of banks in international trade in Nigeria: ———–
2.1 Definition of banks and international trade: ——————
2.2 Types of banks: ————————————————————–
2.3 Causes and problems of banks role in international trade: ——
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 Source of data: ———————————————————–
3.1 Location of data: ———————————————————
3.2 Method of data collection: ———————————————
3.3 Analysis of data: ———————————————————-
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Findings: ———————————————————————
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Summary: ——————————————————————-
5.2 Conclusion: ——————————————————————
5.3 Suggestions for further research: ————————————-
Bibliography: ——————————————————

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This project writ – up, “The role of Banks in international Trade”, is written to provide a guide sufficiently instructive in scope to meet the need for Banks, Economist in International Trade.
Among the important topics examined are if there are various relationship, role that exist between banks and international trade in Nigeria, nature of international economics, international trade, difference between international trade and internal trade, problems facing international trade in the banks sector.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY.
Nigeria before and even since the British Colonialist of our country has been engaged in international trade. But it was obviously spelt out during the British Colonialist that was in the 15th century termed legitimate trade.
This was until 1960 during which Nigeria got its independence. This means that, Nigeria was no longer controlled solely by the dictates of the British Government Ever since then legitimate trade to the Nigerian was changed to international trade of which Banks has a major role to play in it.
Nigeria since the oil boom in the early 70’s has been enjoying Nigeria and across the country. Diversifying its economy.
Apart fro international trade, and as a result of climatic factors, Nigeria needs international trade to diversify, accelerate its economic development in the country.
International trade ensures export expansion and import contraction coupled with the fact that it stimulates foreign exchange earnings, international recognition and the provision of employment opportunities for the teeming population.
International trade is synonymous with the production of goods and services for the benefit of trade across the country. Thus we have the banking institution, the food processing export/import trade and the sugar, tobacco export/import trade and that of petroleum export trade is not left behind. Therefore, international trade or external trade is a trade between two or more countries.
Example. Trade between Nigeria and USA as well as Ghana, India, Britain, Japan etc. trade between two countries is called bilateral trade, while trade between many countries is called multilateral trade.
International trade does not mean the exchange of goods and services within a country. The exchange of goods and services among the people of the same country is called home or internal trade. Example, all trading activities which take place within Nigeria in a home or international trade.
External trade is established for the purpose of stabilizing nation’s economy standard if living.
External trade has been proved beyond doubts as very important for a nation’s survival therefore it is peevant that we explicably mani

EFFECTS OF BANK DISTRESS ON THE SAVING HABITS OF THE RURAL DWELLERS

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

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ABSTRACT
This research work examined the “Effect of Bank distress on the saving habit of the rural dwellers” it investigated the causes and characteristic of bank distress in the Nigerian economy.
Many related literature were reviewed as the researchers collected data for this work. In remote communities where banking habit was poorly developed the exercise of changing bank notes in 1984 forced people to travel scores of mills to change their money and also made them realize that they need banks around incessant call for extension of bank branches to their areas. The effect of bank distress on the economy on the other hand included the erosion of public confidence mostly to the rural dwellers in putting their money in the banks.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of study
1.2 Statement of problems
1.3 Purpose of study
1.4 Research question
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Delimitation scope and limitation
1.7 Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Review of related literature
2.1 meaning and characteristic of distress
2.2 cause of bank distress in Nigeria
2.3 factors hindering smooth saving habits of the rural dwellers,

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 research designs and methodology
3.1 Sources of data
3.2 Location of data
3.3 Method of investigation

CHAPTER FOUR
3.0 Summary and finding

CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Recommendation
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 references and bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
A bank can be defined as an organization whose principal operation are concerned with the accumulation of temporarily idle money of the general public from the purpose of advancing to others for expenditures.
John page defined a bank “A corporation or person(s) who accept money on current account, pays cheques on such account on demand and collects cheque for customers”
Oxfords advanced learners Dictionary define a bank as an organization or a place that provides a financial services or a place where something is stored ready for use.
The establishment of modern banking in Nigeria dates back to the colonial when the African Banking corporation was formed in 1892 to distribute currency notes of Bank of England for the British Treasury subsequent developments were encouraged by colonial trade. In the bid to address the credit needs of indigenous enterprises, Nigerian late ventured into the banking business, initially through private individual initiatives and later through deliberate government policy.
The problem of distress in the financial sector, including outright bank failure, has been observed in Nigeria as back as 1930 when the first bank failure was reported indeed, between 1930 and 1958 when the central bank of Nigeria (CBN) was establishment over 21 bank failure were recorded.
However, the degree of intensity and scope of the distress has never been as serious as has been observed since June 1989 when government directive to withdraw deposits of government and other public sector institution from bank to the CBN exposed the weak financial condition of most financial institution and the severity of problem has progressively here used.
The distressed condition has been traced to a wide range of causes, some of which are listed on literature review. Eventually, when distress came to into the scene, fears of loosing fund to the banks influenced negatively, the banking habit of the rural dwellers.

1.2 statement of problems
with the wave of distress spreading in the finance companies, community banks and primary mortgage institutions, a total of 24 banks were distressed in 1933, ad against 10 in 1992, 31 finance house were in default of malures obligations 456 complaints against 156 finance companies for non resumption of matured funds, however, total assets and liabilities of 395 finance firms stood at N13.38 billion in 1993 as against N2.44 billion reported for the proceeding year (1992).

THE SATIATION WAS ATTRIBUTED TO THE FOLLOWINGS
1. Prevailing economic recession, policy induced hock
poor and detonating asset quality arising from large portfolio of non-performing credits non-maintenance of assets and liability.
2. Poor management bothering on sharp practice and lack of experience which is the most serious problem, associated with bank distress in the rural area.
3. Ineffective, inefficient and poor performance of the financial sector on the role of promoting and supporting economic development in the rural areas.
The problem in focus above, triggered off the interest of the researchers to carry out study in the area.