FINANCIAL DISTRESS IN SOME COMMERCIAL BANKS, REASONS, ISSUES, CONSEQUENCES AND SOLUTION.

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Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
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ABSTRACT
A descriptive study was made about financial distress in some Commercial Banks using secondary statistics.
This research work was designed to describe the Financial distress in some Commercial Bank in Nigeria. Also the causative factor as it affects Commercial Banks with the limited area of coverage.
The study also look at the following objectives such as nature and type of financial distress facing some Commercial Banks, banks involved in the distress, causes of distress, level of distress and to know if poor management also cause distress.
The study also answers the five (5) research questions. It was also discovered that distress is caused as a result of poor management, insolvency loss asset base, inadequacy of capital etc.
Therefore, recommendation such as: proper management, adequate funding, increased asset base provisions and adequate liquidity were made for the study. Also such research work should be done to other non-financial Banking Institution and other West African Country.

LIST OF TABLE
TABLE 2.1 LEVEL OF DISTRESS IN THE BANKING SYSTEM – 29.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE II

APPROVAL PAGE III
DEDICATION IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT V
ABSTRACTS VI
LIST OF TABLES VIII
TABLE OF CONTENTS IX
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM 2
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 3
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 4
1.5 SCOPE OF STUDY 5
1.6 LIMITATION OF STUDY 5
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 6
1.8 RATIONALE/JUSTIFICATION FOR THE STUDY6
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS 7
1.10 ASSUMPTION OF THE STUDY 8

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW 9
2.1 FINANCIAL DISTRESS 13
2.2 MANAGING DISTRESS IN NIGERIAN BANKS 14
2.3 ASSESSMENT OF THE RESOLUTION FRAMEWORK
IN NIGERIA AND PROBLEMS 21
2.4 ACTION TO TACKLE FINANCIAL DISTRESS
2.5 CAUSES OF FINANCIAL DISTRESS
2.6 MEASURE/EXTENT OF DISTRESS IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 SOURCE OF DATA 39
3.2 LIMITATION OF SOURCE OF DATA 41

CHAPTER FOUR
FINDINGS 43

CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION FOR
FURTHER RESEARCH
5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 47
5.2 CONCLUSION 48
5.3 SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER RESEARCH 49
BIBLIOGRAPHY 50
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In the Nigerian Banking system considering the last decade the Commercial Banking to be precise had under gone a rapid expansion both in terms of the number of Institution and the scope of Financial services rendered. As bank licensing was liberalized so was the seed of instability sown in these banking system at the same time.
As these expansion trend continuous, a sign of lacked vision among the investors and the directors motive of quick returns to satisfy the liquidity operation. The word distress has been in existence but increased promptly as these institution increased due to acute shortage of resources and the massive with drawal of deposit by government agencies and other public sectors from these bank.
The development threatened the Financial structure, expose and undermine the economic system which impede development of the economy.
Therefore, distress places a great burden on regulatory authority, depress the economy, undermine the payment system and discourage savings.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Some Commercial Banks have been diverted to assist in loans and advances to various sectors of the economy. And the Commercial Banking is known as refall banking which accept deposit and make payment to his customers. But the Financial condition of some of these Commercial Banking due to the political instability/electoral campaign that is on. Political analyst describe this on coming election to be one of the brutal crisis that is to come. Therefore, there is panic with drawal of fund by these bank customers. This institution is now bogged down by distress, insolvency, poor liquidity due to decline in deposit, and loss of confidence. The crisis has to be averted and the urgency prompted the study. This research work is designed to describe the financial distress in some Commercial Banking system in Nigeria.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The ob

OVERVIEW AND IMPACT OF FRAUDS IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
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form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

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ABSTRACT
Fraud is an awful phenomenon, which like a vein has invaded Nigeria banking industries and the society in general, and puts any organization that it comes into in a distress point or in a state of liquidation.
This study highlights the nature and various types of fraud in banks, effects of ban fraud and control measures adopted by management to check fraud incidents.
Frauds in the banking system should as much as possible be minimized as it kills the bank and destroys the economy of a nation.
Finally, the research work adduced that continuous vigilance should be the watch work if fraudulent practices are to be reduced and possibly eliminated in banking industry.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the study 1
1.2 Statement of the problem 4
1.3 Purpose/objective of the Study 7
1.4 Significance of the study 8
1.5 Limitations of the study 9
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Review of related literature 11
2.2 Concept of Fraud 13
2.3 Types of Fraud 15
2.4 Impacts of frauds in the Nigeria banking industry. 23
2.5 Extent of Bank Frauds 28
Reference 30
CHAPTER THREE
Research design and methodology 31
3.1 Sources of data (Secondary Sources Only) 31
3.2 Location of data 31
3.3 Methods of data collection (Literature work only). 32
CHAPTER FOUR
Findings 33
CHAPTER FIVE
Recommendation and Conclusion. 35
5.1 Recommendation 35
5.2 Conclusion 36
Bibliography 38

PROPOSAL
IMPACT OF FRAUDS IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA
Frauds in the “banking” industry in Nigeria and in society in general, this study is going to highlights the nature and various types of fraud, causes of bank fraud, extent of fraud in banks, effects of bank fraud, detection, presentation and control measures to be adopt by management to check fraud incidents.
The purpose of this research work is to find out whether there is significance level of fraud in Nigerian banks, to know whether Nigerians practice aid or abate fraud and to consider the adequacy of the internal control system in detecting and preventing fraud in the bank.
Hypothesis will be formulated and tested with chi-square and inference drawn thereform. The method to be used in collecting of data will includes a well-structured and easy to follow questionnaire. The collection of primary data will be through the medium of respondents. The findings will reveal the compensation of banking services and the maintenance of effective internal control mechanism and it will help to reduce the incidence of fraudulent activities in the bank. In the same vein, the recommendation of adequate internal control system should be maintained, effective fraud management, strict adherence of administrative management policies should be ensured to check and possibly fraud incidence in the bank.
The detection and prevention of frauds should be elaborative effect between banks, their customers, the public, and the government. Frauds in the banking system should as much as possible, be minimized as it kills the bank and destroys the economy of a nation.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
With an award match to becoming an industrialized nation, Nigeria is witnessing true emergence of human resources as professional, which made possible the establishment of service industries and other business organizations. This belief was rather so strong that the urge to provide financial services can no longer be overlooked. to accelerate economic growth and economic development both government and some organized private groups were issued licenses to operate banks, in addition to a few banks that were already into business to operate systematic financial services.
these banks employed young men and women, but like every aspect of human endeavour have their challenges facing the banking industry and indeed all industries is the incidence of fraud. Bakere (2002.1) observed that the incidence of frauds in the Banking Industry has in the recent. Past posed a very serious threat to the very existence of financial institutions and is a matter of serious concern to the regulatory authorities and the Banking public.
Despite the stringent measures put in place by monetary authorities and internal control measures to check the activies of fraudsters, frauds in the banks to be on the increase. Edozie as observed by Adebayo (2001:5) stated that available statistics reveal that thirdly-one banks reported that they experienced frauds and forgery cases for the period (January –March 2002).
Banks are institutions known to operate on the centre –pin of public confidence. today that concept no longer holds as bankers themselves either initiate frauds or partakes deeply in fraudulent activities against their banks (employers).
According to Nigerian Dposit Insurance /corporation (NDIC) Annual Reports (1999:9), most of those banks were run around by a few greedy directors and officials who perpetrated frauds and all kinds of unethical practices against their institutions. This is an aberration that continues to erode public confidence in banks.
this scenario has singularly contributed to the liquidation of many banks. Agbata (1998:13) observed that one cannot avoid considering the fact that the distress in the banking industry was occasioned by fraud.
Now that cases of fraud have been established in the banks, the need therefore arise to find out problems associated with fraud, It’s impact on the macro-economy and how these problems are being tackled, hence the need for this study.

REVENUE GENERATION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS (PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS)

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

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ABSTRACT

The adverse situation in the various local government areas of Nigeria has led the researcher to go into this very topic. Hence, the purpose of this work is to enlighten people, mostly students in the school of financial studies on how revenue is generated in local governments, problems confronting them as regards revenue generation as well as prospects to the problems.
However, local governments are expected to use the fund generated in embarking on income earning projects, projects, that come under fee or bill charging utilities like portable water, electricity, construction of market squares etc.
However, before fund can be generated, one must make ways of getting the funds like grants given to local governments for some purposes by the federal government. The central government also determines the sources, extent, purpose and maximum duration for which borrowing is to embark upon by the local government and not just going ahead to borrow.
Local government raise loans to purchase plants and equipment, as well as other projects whose costs are too great for them to embark on at a time.
Furthermore, local authorities in Nigeria are responsible for the establishment and maintenance of public motor parts, bad roads, market squares etc.
It is therefore recommended for students in the school of financial studies at all level (who will be opportune to lay hands on this write up) as a ground for the much needed funds internally generated revenue to facilitate projects execution by local governments.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE:
1.0 INTROUCTION 1
1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLMS 3
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 5
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 6
1.4 SCOPE, LIMITATION AND DELIMITATION 7
1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS 8

CHAPTER TWO:
REVIEW OF RELATEDLITERATURE
2.0 EXTERNAL SOURCES OF FUNDS 10
2.1 FINANCIAL TRANSFER 11
2.2 GRANTS 14
2.3 LOANS 17
2.4 INTERNAL SOURCES OF FUNDS 19
2.5 PERSONAL INCOME TAX 19
2.6 COMMUNITY TAX 20
2.7 LOCAL RATES 21
2.8 FEES AND CHARGES 22
2.9 COMMERCIAL UNDERTAKINGS 24
2.10 COURT FINES AND FEES 26

CHAPTER THREE:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 SOURCES OF DATA 29
3.1 LOCATION OF DATA 30
3.2 ANALYSIS OF DATA 30
3.3 RESEARCH POPULATION 31
CHAPTER FOUR:
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
4.0 SUMMARY 32

CHAPTER FIVE:
RECOMMENTION AND CONCLUSION
5.0 RECOMMENDATION 35
5.1 CONCLUSION 35
BIBLOIGRAPHY 37

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION:
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
Nigeria has three- tiers of government systems,
These are; (i) The federal government
(ii) The state government and
(iii) The local government.
The essence of this division of government into federal, state and local levels is to enable the government exercise her administration easily and effectively. However the 1979 constitution spells out the functions of each level of government. Generally it can be said that the governments are responsible for the provision of the collective (social) goods and services on a non- commercial basis as well as the provision of other social and economic services. In order to meet up with the foretasted goals and services, the government needs to collect revenues.
Local government, which this work emphasizes on, can be described as the government at the local level, exercised through representative council, established by law to exercise specific power within definite areas. The government of such body is selected or otherwise locally selected.
The administering of government at local level in Nigeria traced as far back as colonial period, when native authorities were established in their rudimentary forms, that is in their own ideas. They represented a system of indirect rule, which sought to establish a form administration through traditional authorities
Between 1950 and 1955, the first elected local government council based on the model was shadbushes in logos and in the former Eastern and western Region. Though, the traditional members constituted a maximum of 25 percent in most of the councils, the emergence of members elected on a political basis instigated the traditional rulers to gradually withdrawn from active participation in local administration in Nigeria.
Presently, local government administration is still in existence assigned with numerous. Responsibilities like, bawling of market square, provision of pipe-born water, motor parks, rehabilitation of local and rural roads, sanitary and health inspection, maternity home and dispensaries e t c.
Finally, local governments have two (2) main sources of revenue or fund. They are
(i) External sources of fund.
(ii) Internal sources of fund.
The External sources of fund include;
(a) Statutory allocations from the federal and state government (i.e., 20% considered federal revenue and 10% of internally generated state revenue).
(b) Special grants which aim at assisting local government finance their aforementioned projects. In addition, local government source fund internally through receipts on rent and rates on their properties, tenement tax, earning from commercial undertaking, interest payment and dividend, licenses, fees and fines e t c.
1.1 STATEMNT OF PROBLEM:
The problems that confront most local governments on revenue generation cannot be over-emphasized. Hence local government having numerous means of sourcing fund, are also, faced with a lot of problems and difficulties in generating its revenue. These problems affect mostly its internal sources of revenue.
Tax avoidance and delinquencies are among the problems confronting most local governments on revenue generation, as most people of the society device some means source maximum reduction in the amount to be paid as tax obligation on the date it is due, there by, escaping tax liabilities.
Inability of most people of the society to pa

AN APPRAISAL OF THE ECONOMIC IMPLICATION OF ELECTRONIC BANKING IN OPERATIONS OF BANKS IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF FIRST BANK OF NIGERIA PLC)

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

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Chapter one: Introduction
1.1 Background of the study 1
1.2 Statement of the problem 5
1.3 Purpose/objective of the study 6
1.4 Research questions 7
1.5 Research hypothesis 8
1.6 Significance of the study 9
1.7 Scope, limitation/delimitation 10
1.8 Definition of terms 11
Reference 13
Chapter two:
Review of related literature 15
2.1 Introduction 15
2.2 The Nigerian monetary transfer system 17
2.3 Overview of the electronic
monetary transfer system 21
2.4 Electronic payment instruments 24
2.4.1 Automated teller machine 24
2.4.2 Electronic funds transfer point of sale 26
2.4.3 International money transfer 27
2.4.4 Computerized inter-bank funds transfer 28
2.4.5 Internet payment 28
2.5 Problems associated with the development
of electronic banking system in Nigeria. 34
2.6 Implications of the electronic banking system 35
Reference 38
Chapter three:
Research design and methodology 40
3.1 Areas of study 42
3.2 Sample and sampling techniques 42
3.3 Instruments of data collection 43
3.4 Methods of data presentation 43
3.5 Methods of data analysis 45
Reference 47
Chapter four:
Data presentation and analysis 50
4.1 Data presentation 50
4.2 Data analysis 63
4.3 Test of hypothesis 68
Chapter five:
Findings, recommendation and conclusion 73
5.1 Summary of findings 73
5.2 Conclusion 76
5.3 Recommendation 78
Bibliography 80
Appendix 86

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Prior to the banking emergence of a modern banking system in Nigeria, the payment or settlement of economic transaction was through the barter system. Goods and services purchased them were settled by the exchange of commodities as money was not in existence.
However, owing to the deficiencies inherent or associated with a barter economy, the need for a generally acceptable medium of payment arose.
Consequently, between 1850 and 1882 the introduction of British silver coins was possible through which the Nigerian economy was monetized.
Following the introduction of British coins, the Bank of British West Africa (BBWA) was established in 1892 to facilitate the distribution of these coins. This eventually ushered in a rudimentary form or commercial banking in Nigeria. In 1912 however, the West African Currency Board (WACB) was established to take over the responsibility of the (BBWA) of currency distribution in the then West African region comprising of Nigeria, Ghana, Sierre-leone and Liberia.
As economic activities began to rise and the need for financial services emerged banks began to spring-up in the country and between 1892 and 1959 a total of (39) banks were established but for the fact that this was a banking era, a good number of these banks collapsed. The colossal fall of the monetary system consequently led to the introduction of the banking ordinance or 1952, 1959 (subsequent amendment) to further boost the monetary system, the central bank of Nigeria (CBN) was established in 1959 to act as the “Apex” banking regulatory authority.
Also, the banking acts or 1969, the counterfeit currency (special provisions) decree 1974 and the bills of exchange Acts cap 35 laws of the federation of Nigeria 1990 was promulgated. All these efforts were aimed at ensuring safety, stability and restoring confidence in the monetary system.
When in 1961, the CBN established the Nigeria banks clearing house in Lagos, the use of cheques became a dominant instrument in the payment processed daily in the clearing house. An average of five million (5m) cheques were reported to be processed annually between 1961 and 1970.
According to CBN annual report, 1999, a number of procesed cheques however, increased to 11,005.2 million in 1999. This increase eventually led to an ever-mounting flood or paper that has to be shuffled from place to place before payment is fully effected. Thus, because of frequent indirect routine, it has been estimated that each cheques written is currently handled an average of 10 times and passes through 2 1/3 commercial banks before being returned to its source (journal of Banking and finance 2000). The banking industry thereby incurs record-keeping and processing costs averaging about 20 percent per cheques, a figure that does not reflect the full cost of the present system.
Eventually, this increase in the cost of cheques processing undermines the efficiency, reliability and cost effectiveness of the electronic banking system and with the geometric increase in the volume of cheques as to the likely reduction no clear indication costs of the processed cheques.

The expectation that cheque processing cost will continue to soar, roughly in proportion to cheques volume is the chief motivation spuring commercial banks and the central bank of Nigeria to institute a more economical and efficient mechanism. For as long as cheques remain the dominant mode of payments, the system is intrically too labour intensive to permit much more cost cutting through further automation (Lawrence 1996:295). As a result, the only remaining way to make a meaningful impact on cost is by switching a large part of the burden to an entirely different payments methods, one that can be designed from the groudn up to take full advantage of computage technology namely the electronic banking. (Electronic money transfer system).
Finally, according to Anyanwu (2000), electronic banking which is more commonly called the Electronic Funds Transfer System (EFTS) refers to the application of computer technology to banking especially the payments (deposit transfer) aspect of banking. The major distinct pieces of hardware comprices the Automated Teller Machine (ATM), the Point Of Sale (POS) system, and the Automated Clearing Houses (ACH). He stressed that the major merit of electronic banking lies in its ability to reduce costs given the number of cheques written in the economy each year.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
As earlier pointed out, the present payment system is saturated with large volumes of paper work. This obviously is responsible for the delay in cheques clearance in the house. Hence, the need for the adoption of an electronic banking. However, the introduction of electronic banking in place of the existing system has some propounding implications.
First, such a payment mechanism will involve nationwide computer networks linking together virtually all households, business firms and government units. These pre-suppose investing a chunk or large amount of financial resources in computer technology. Obviously, the resource is in short supply in Nigeria, coupled with the hig

CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY

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COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 2500 NAIRA OR $10 , WITH THE SOFTWARE 30,000 NAIRA

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Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

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MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

CHAPTER ONE:
1.1 The background of the study
1.2 Statement of problems
1.3 Objective of study
1.4 Significance of study
1.5 Limitation of study
1.6 Definition of terms
1.7 Reference
CHAPTER TWO:
0 Review related to literature
2.1 Genesis of banking in Nigeria
2.2 Type of banking in Nigeria
2.3 Functions of banking
2.4 Similarities and differences among banks
2.5 Role of bank in the economic development
2.6 The Nigeria banking climate
2.7 Problems faced by banks
2.8 The concept of banking failure
2.9 Causes of banking failure
2.10 Indices of banking failure
2.11 Effect of bank failure
2.12 Reference.

CHATER THREE:
3.0 Research methodology
3.1 Source of secondary data
3.2 Method of analysis
3.3 Location of data
3.4 Reference

CHAPTER FOUR:
4.0 Findings
4.1 General discussion
4.2 Reference

CHAPTER FIVE:
5.0 Recommendation and conclusion
5.1 Recommendation
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Biography

CHAPTER ONE

THE BACKGROUND OF STUDIES
The Nigeria banking are undergoing a major dept crisis. The most serious in its histories incorporation into the world capital system at the turn of this country. As with other third world countries, the Nigeria dept crisis is part of a wilder crisis of accumulation

The dept crisis of the 1980 is not the first in the country history, indeed, soon after the Nigeria independence in 1960, the country experience some level of economic crisis and incurred some external dept. thus, Nigeria external dept which stood at about 82.4 million in 1960 rose to 435.2 million Naira in 1965 and by 1970 was put to some 400,89 million Naira. The dept consist mainly of long-term loan from the World Bank.

Further more, during Shagari, his administration went ahead in 1983 to put the central bank under increased pressure to open letter of credit at very short notice for such federal government agencies as the Nigeria police. The constituencies was that further compounding of the dept crisis.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
In the right of the vital role, which banks should play in the development of the national economy in their capacity as vector of fund, we point out that the Nigeria banking system in all its advancement has not succeeded yet ineffectively archiving this mission. The reason is not just one of the facts that some bank has failed, but there are other problems associated with them that the research seeks to address
1. The lose of public confidence in the banking industry due to crisis in the