“AN EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF PRIVATIZATION IN THE NIGERIA ECONOMY”

(A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA BREWERIES PLC)

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ABSTRACT
This work is designed to find out the financial problems and prospects of privatization in Nigeria, a case study of Nigeria Breweries Plc.
The work therefore covers the background, significance and objectives of the study in chapter one. Which chapter two views issues dating to literature and tried to highlights it’s concepts and inceptions of privatization in Nigeria. Chapter three shows the research design and methodology and pointed out the area of the study, the population, determination of sample size and locations where the data was found.
A random sampling was used for selecting research sample and questionnaires administration. Primary and secondary sources of data were used. The primary sources is form the questionnaire administration which the secondary sources are from text-books, educational journals and magazine. The data is presented in tables and percentages, and figures were also used in the analysis.
In testing hypothesis, the chi-square test was conducted at an appropriate significant level and degree of freedom. Also, standard deviation was as well used.
From the data analyzed in chapter four, the following findings were made: Lack of findings for share/purchase is a problem for successful privatization in Nigeria, therefore, no other financial problems can also noted as a good option for improvement and development in Nigeria.
Lastly, the research work contains findings recommendations and conditions for further research.

LIST OF TABLE
TABLES DESCRIPTION
4.1 Administration of Questionnaire
4.2 Level of sample staff
4.3 Sex Distribution of respondents.
4.4 Educational Qualification of respondents.
4.5 Years of work experience of respondents.
4.6 Responses to find out if lack of funds is a problem to the on-going privatization programme.
4.7 Responses to identity the major financial problem encountered in the on-going privatization programme.
4.8 Responses as to whether the problem of finding for share purchases can be solved by the privatization share purchase loan scheme (PSPLS) designed by the government.
4.9 Responses as to the extent privatization share purchase loan scheme (PSPLS) can solve the problems of finding for share purchase in the on- going privatization programme.
4.10 Responses as to the extent to describing the response of Nigeria to privatization share purchase loan scheme (PSPLS).
4.11 Responses to determine if mismanagement of find constitute a problem in the on-going privatization programme.
4.12 Responses to determine if financing the privatization programme a problem to the government.
4.13 Responses to determine if share prices are so high.
4.14 Responses to determine if there exist other financial problems in the on-gong privatization programme.
4.15 Responses to know whether privatization of Nigeria Breweries Plc will be beneficial to the country.
4.16 Responses as to know whether privatization is one of the best options for development of the Nigeria economy.
4.17 Responses as to the prospects of the privatization programme to the economy.
4.18 Responses as to whether privatization will lead to efficiency and productivity in Nigeria Breweries Plc.
4.19 Chi – Square table hypotheses l
4.20 Chi – Square table hypotheses ll
4.21 Chi – Square table hypotheses lll

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problems
1.3 Objective of the study
1.4 Research question
1.5 Research Hypothesis
1.6 Significance of the study
1.7 Scope and limitations of the study
1.8 Definition of terms
1.9 Organization/Plan for development of the study
References
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The concept of privatization
2.2 The inception of privatization in Nigeria
2.3 Rational for privatization
2.4 Regulation framework of privatization in Nigeria.
2.5 Methods of privatization of public enterprises in Nigeria
2.6 The role of government in privatization
2.7 Advantages of privatization
2.8 Disadvantages of privatization
2.9 Problems of successful implementation of privatization programs in Nigeria.
2.10 Conditions for effective privatization
2.11 Financial problems of privatization programmes in Nigeria.
2.12 Prospects of privatization.
References.

CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research design
3.2 Area of the study
3.3 Population
3.4 Determination of sample size
3.5 Sampling procedure/techniques
3.6 Types of data used.
3.7 Location of data
3.8 Instrument of data collection
3.9 Techniques of data presentation
3.10 Methods of data analysis
References

CHAPTER FOUR
DATA DESIGNATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Questionnaire presentation and analysis of data collection.
4.2 Test of Hypothesis
4.3 Findings.

CHAPTER FIVE
FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Findings
5.2 Recommendations
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Suggestions for further research.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION:
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The privatization programme of the fist phase was said to benefit many Nigerians who were given the opportunity to purchase shares offered for sale by way of public offer. Subscription of shares during the phase one was largely successful with many public offers. However, there were a large number of Nigerian citizens who due to difficult economic realities in their present time were unable to put aside a few thousand naira required to purchase a small share holding in the enterprises which were offered for sale in the course of the privatization programme.
Recently, the federal government have come up with a means whereby the low-income earners and rural dwellers will participate in the on-going privatization programme. Today, banks have been instructed to give out loans without collaterals for the purchase of share up to N10,000 worth of shares within each five year period. This is being carried out by privatization share purchase loan scheme (PSPLS) which requires that one registers and later apply for share purchase and repayment on be through divided, cash, conversion of bonuses and right and sale of all or part of their allotments in the secondary market.
This new development in the privatization programmer early motivated me to carry out a project research on the topic: “The problems and prospects of privatization in Nigeria” using Nigeria Breweries Plc as case study.
In such direction I am of the opinion that at the end of the work, it will instigate the reader to participate in the on-going privatization programme.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This research work is embarked upon to escertain the financial problems and prospects of privatization in Nigeria using Nigeria Breweries Plc as case study. Nigeria Breweries Plc started operation in the precolonial days with limited share holding of the public recently became one among the public limited companies mapped out for privatization in the countries by the federal government under the commercialization and privatization Act.
To get the plan achieved, it was discovered that finance poses a great challenge to the successful implementation of privatization in many developing countries especially Nigeria; hence, federal government issued directives to bank to give out loan without stringent condition for the purchase of shares up to N10,000 worth of shares.

WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT IN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY

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ABSTRACT
Working capital is the ability of a business to meet its short-term liabilities as the full due out of its short-term assets.
It is therefore necessary that an industry should always maintain a well-articulated and consistent management of its working capital.
To facilitate the exposition of this research work for a clear understanding by our readers, this work had been divided into three chapters. In course of the study hypothesis were development, it was observed that automobile industry had adequate working capital to improve efficiency of its production we observed that automobile industry had adequate and good quality capital position though it has no credit policy for its customers.
Based on these we concluded that, automobile industry has effective working capital management. Also we provided some useful suggestions that can further improve the effectiveness of the industry’s working capital management. The suggestions include the establishment of credit policy and embarking on marketing strategy organizing of symposium and seminars on working capital management.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter One:
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Purpose of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study

Chapter Two:
2.1 Review of Related Literature
2.2 Working Capital Management an Overview
2.3 Management of Cash
2.4 Management of Inventories
2.5 Management of Debtors
2.6 Management of Creditors
2.7 Method of Data Collected

Chapter Three:
3.1 Design and Methodology
3.2 Sources of Data
3.3 Location of Data

Chapter Four:
4.0 Summary of Findings

Chapter Five:
5.0 Recommendation and Conclusion
Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION:
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
In the early 70’s there was an economic from in Nigeria and manufacturing industries inspite of widespread misapplica and diversion of resources still returned handsome profits. Companies expanded and prospered as a result and effective management became insignificant.
However, in the early 80’s, Nigeria started witnessing an austere economic condition due to global oil fall in price.
Business environment became so complex that most manufacturing industries and other sectors of the economy started findings things difficult.
Hence the need for effective management of resources became imperative.
The financial resources of the manufacturing industries were one of the major casualties. The companies liquid asset were inadequate to meet its day to day requirement of fund and a newly established company require adequate working capital to be able to start off operation effectively.
Good working capital management is vital to effective financial obligation of an industry.
It is therefore imperative at this point to illustrate the definition of working capital. It represent asset used in the day-to-day mining of an enterprise.
In other words, working capital in the net investment in current assets.
Working capital also indicates in a general sense, the ability of a business to meet it short-term liabilities as they fall due out of its short-term asset.
However the importance of working capital cannot be over emphasized. Explicate survey has revealed that there is growing awareness of importance of capital and its influence on the success of a business organization.
Based on the above general premises of our discussion, working capital management refers to all aspect of administration of both currents asset and liabilities working capital requires a careful and mutinous management as its effectiveness make a gloomy business likely and prosperous.
As a result of the impact of working capital on a business, this study is to assess the working capital management in manufacturing industries within Anammco.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:
A critical overview at the trend of business activities over some years in Nigeria will reveal a consistent increase in cost and lowering profit.
It puzzles one why manufacturing industries in Nigeria have not been operating efficiently, is it because of unavailability of raw materials? Or is it lack of managerial expertise. We noted the practise of working capital management in manufacturing industries yet the problem lingers on.

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF FINANCING HEALTH CARE DELIVERY IN NIGERIA

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CHAPTER ONE –

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objective of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Limitation of the Study
1.6 Definition of Terms
References.

CHAPTER TWO – LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Definition, aims and Objective of financing Health care delivery.
2.2 Methods and types of financing Health care.
2.3 Determination of financing health care
2.4 Cost – Benefit consideration on financing Health care.
2.5 Evaluation of the Programme
References
CHAPTER THREE – RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY.
3.1 Source of data (Secondary Source)
3.2 Location of data
3.3 Method of data collection
References
CHAPTER FOUR – FINDINGS
CHAPTER FIVE – RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Recommendations
5.2 Conclusions
References.

ABSTRACT
Through the apes, there have been persistent efforts to improve good health and standards of human life. Health is said to be wealth. That is why the researcher wants to find out the problem and prospect of financing Health care delivery in Nigeria. To achieve this objective, the right atmosphere must be provided, co-ordinated and directed for effective result.
The objective of health care is the attainment of good health to all sundry and effective medical attention to the people. The extent by which this is implemented is very vital to this study that is where finance comes in.
The researcher used two distinct types of data collection instruments on the write up. Questionnaire and library research.
The findings of the study was based on inadequate of fund on hospital facilities, inappropriate of funds allocated, inadequate payment of salaries to health workers and underpayment of salary in regard to government approval.
The recommendation and conclusions were drawn from the findings of the study.

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Nigeria is once again on the roller caster of a new clinche
“2010” with health care reform as one of the major pivots of the vision. The tremendous rate our medical personnel’s (Doctor and Nurses) travels out of the country for greener pasture has caused
More harm to his country than good.
The percentage of death rate as a result of treatment by in experienced Doctor and Nurses are numerous. Our intelligent and future hopes were deformed by one disease or the other because of treatment by non-experts.
ODUTOLA, (1997) in his book demonstrated that “our hospitals have become mere consulting clinics”.
“Our health care system has collapsed”
“Our hospital are short everything”
What then is our hope and aim towards achieving the goal of vision 2010.
This motivated the researcher to identify the problems and prospects of financing Health care Delivery in Nigeria.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The research work is concerned with the problems and prospects of financing health care delivery programme in Nigeria. The level of service offered to the health system is very low. This is with particular reference to staff attitudes and performance. They cried bitterly of their salary as to compare to other co-medical personeels in other countries. They were promised to be paid, but was not effective some of them decided to travel out of country for better future.
Some hospitals requires refurbishment and other need certain amenities, but none was done, rather they were closed down and some becomes unfuctional Hospitals preemies are littered

THE ROLE OF CAPITAL MARKET IN FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FINANCING

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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 2
1.3 PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 4
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 5
1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 5

CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 7

CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 SOURCES OF DATA (SECONDARY SOURCES) 22
3.2 LOCATION OF DATA 23
3.3 METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION 23

CHAPTER FOUR
FINDING 24

CHAPTER FIVE
RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION 26
BIBLIOGRAPHY 30
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Broadly speaking, there are two kinds of chance revolutionary or discontinuous change which is gradually and common (suble) yet dynamic.
It is this latter form of change that is advocated for the development of Nigerian securities market vis-avis the capital market as a means of sourcing funds for the public sector.
Right from the day Nigeria returned their independence till date, the country has been searching for economic change and development that would bring better living for her feering population. This economic change and development could only be made possible by the public sector with enough of finance for its long-term project.
However, comes the vital role, which the Nigerian capital market plays in the development of the nation. The public sector today knows no bound. What was seen as the public sector twenty years back will be grossly inadequate of considered as the public sector of present day Nigeria. Due to this seeming limitless nature of the public sector which embraces local, state and federal governments. The expenditure of these various government are always on the increase. But with the privatization and commercialization programme of federal government parastatals had either it runed down or put to an end to.
The deregulation of the capital market is meant to bring about sanity to the operation of the capital market to foster the much needed role of providing capital or funds to the public sector for its financial obligations.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
In the course of this study some problems associated with the Nigerian capital market have been identified.
These includes:
1. The frequent change of the federal government does not lead to changes in economic policies. These changes may in turn affect the operation of the capital market.
2. With the final release of the deregulation guidelines of the capital market, the issuing houses now to securities valuation. These could lead to inside dealings whereby those in position

BANK FAILURE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA; A CRITICAL APPRAISAL

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CHAPTER ONE:
1.1 THE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.2 Statement of problems
1.3 Objective of study
1.4 Significance of study
1.5 Limitation of study
1.6 Definition of terms
1.7 Reference
CHAPTER TWO:
2. 0 Literature review
2.1 Genesis of banking in Nigeria
2.2 Type of banking in Nigeria
2.3 Functions of banking
2.4 Similarities and differences among banks
2.5 Role of bank in the economic development
2.6 The Nigeria banking climate
2.7 Problems faced by banks
2.8 The concept of banking failure
2.9 Causes of banking failure
2.10 Indices of banking failure
2.11 Effect of bank failure
2.12 Reference.

CHATER THREE:
3.1 Research methodology
3.2 Sapling techniques
3.3 Data collection
3.4 Source of secondary data
3.5 Method of analysis
3.6 Reference

CHAPTER FOUR:

4.0 Findings
4.1 General discussion
4.2 Reference

CHAPTER FIVE:

5.0 Recommendation and conclusion
5.1 Recommendation
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Biography

CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION:
Over the last couple of decades, the Nigeria financial system has grown remarkably. From the almost crude of it was characterized with in pre –colonial and colonial days. It has become so sophisticated toady that economic experts can proudly thumb their chests. With due regards to the ownership structure of the institution, the regulatory flame work, the instruments employed, and the number of established institution, Nigeria can be said to posses the most sophisticated financial system in Africa.

Within the Nigeria financial system itself, the banking system itself, the banking institution has been the most remarkable in growth. This is just as well in any case considering the critical position, which they occupy. In a complex financial position, which they occupy, in a complex financial position, which supplies the money and the credit, need of the economy.

The work bank and banker is neither used or define. In the central of Nigeria (CBN) degree NO 24 of the 1991 nor bank or other financial institutions decree (Bofio) No 25 of the 1991 2 of P5.115 of exchange act 1881 provides that bankers include a body of persons whether incorporated or not who carry out the business of banking. Section (1) of the evidence act define banks or bankers as any person or persons, partnership or company carrying on the business of banking.

Financially, the banking act of 1969 produces that bank means any person who carries out the business of banking and include commercial bank and an acceptance house. The role of banks is thus an important one in the process of economic development in the sense that they mobilize fund form the surplus spending and for the economy. In this way they increase the quantum of national saving and investments. Secondary though an appropriate investment multiplier. The volume of goods produced increase as a result of projects financed by bank funds, all of which lead to a successful promotion of an efficient system of payment. Creating banking habits development in the society and providing employment opportunities.

In view of this highlights, it become easily comprehensible why the failure of the bank has a far – reaching consequence.

The ability of a bank to operate successfully rest on how well they are able to obtained the confidence of the public. If that confidence is missing, the gap will be too great for the bank to fill. The effect of bank failure on the economic development of Nigeria can be express in a nut –shell to be the following;

Lack of effective and efficient financial intimidation:
Loss of public confidence in the system, further depression of the economic additional burdens on the regulatory authorities – education of the social vice for the sake of the citizenry and in the interest of economic development, there is an expedient need to device a host of remedying situations.

The fact that a bank fails today is not to say those incidences are not systematic. There must be a number of ways out of any predicament. The only crack is how effectively employed. Such remedy includes;

a) The cultivation of a stable political environment.
b) The strengthening of the regulatory agency
c) The taking over by regulatory bodies of all termnacy distressed banks.
d) Encouragement of banking education
e) Sincere pursuit by government of all economy and monetary policies
f) All regulation pertaining capital, adequacy, minimum paid up capital,